1. GRAMMAR REVISION UNITS 11-20
PET 1
GRAMMAR REVISION UNITS 11-20

2. Grammar quiz: When do we use past simple?
For completed actions, events and situations in the past.
2. When do we use past continuous?
For an unfinished activity around a time in the past.
For a past activity beginning before a past event and continuing until or after it.
For two activities at the same time in the past (often with while or and)
3. When do we use past perfect?
We use the past perfect to talk about something that happened before a past event

3. GRAMMAR QUIZ:
4. What words do we always use the past perfect with, not the past simple?
Already
Ever
Never
Just
When we mean before a time in the past.
5. When do we use used to ?
To talk about the past when we want toemphasise that things are different now.

4. Handout 1: past simple and continuous.
Handout 2: past perfect and past simple.

7. GRAMMAR QUIZ:
6.Which of these sentences are active and which are passive?
I deliver the letters in the morning.
The rubbish bins are emptied once a week
The letters are delivered in the morning.
I empty the rubbish bins once a week.
7. When do we use the passive?
When we don´t know who or what does something
It is obvious or unimportant who does something.
8. What structure do we use if the person who did something is important?
By + person.

8. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first.
This shop is owned by my uncle.
my uncle…………….this shop.
2. That birthday card was made by my little sister.
My little sister………..that birthday card.
Look at these notes and write sentences using the present passive:
Plan the tour
Book the plane tickets
Send contracts to concert hall managers
Reserve hotel rooms
Design posters
Hire musicians

9. Modal Verbs
Modal verbs, also called modal auxiliaries or simply modals, are a type of auxiliary verb or helping verb.
English has ten modal verbs - can you name them?
Can
Could
May
Might
Shall
Should
Will
Would
Must
ought to

10. Modal verbs
In yes-no questions, shall and will have different meanings. TRUE / FALSE?
Will asks a favour, for information or knowledge on something.
Shall asks about a preference. In these examples, shall and should are synonomous.
In American English, shall is rarely used; when it is, it's only in the first person singular and plural.
Give me an example of will and shall in question form.

11. Modal verbs
The modals may and might indicate an uncertain future action.
The modal must indicates an obligation, asuumption or probability.
The modals should and ought to indicate an obligation.
In questions, should asks if obligation exists.
Would followed by like is a polite way of stating a preference, it also explains an action as a result of a supposed or real condition, or describes habitual actions in the past.

12. Modal verbs

13. Handout 3:
Complete the texts using an –ing form or infinitive. Then decide what sport or game is being described in each text.