1. Tools

2. Monitoring Can be built into a system Trace activity with timestamps
Often uses the logging system
COST
10% of resources

3. System tools
SAR PS
Profiling
Accounting data

4. SAR Samples activity counters in the OS Sample rate is selectable
Params:
File access routines
Buffer usage
Cache hits
System calls
I/O activity
Virtual memory
CPU utilization

5. PS Report activity of processes: Status Priority Process Hierarchy
Memory size
Execution time

6. Profiling Compiled into executables
Gives execution time for the routines in the code

7. Accounting Data
Some OS have accounting data
Gives usage params

8. prototyping
Use the prototype to get initial performance data