1. Fascism Rises in Europe HSCE 7.2.2-3Ch. 31 sec. 3
Fascism---political philosophy-----loyalty to nation & obedience to the leader nationalism is HUGE
-uses secret police
-racist, one party rule w/ supreme leader
-state more important than the individual
Communism--- govt. controls ALL areas of workforce
--dedicated to workers uniting over the wealthy class
--all equal and no one is above anyone else
*Fascist Dictators---
Benito Mussolini – (nickname = IL Duce) = Italy
-promised people of Italy a better economic situation, build armed forces
-blamed current govt. for Italy’s problems so he could gain popularity and take over as ruler

3. *Adolf Hitler--- Germany
-WWI vet joins a small right-wing
political group….
Nationalist Socialist German Workers Party = Nazi Party
-believed in overturning the TOV
-wanted Germany to be strongest country in the world
-1923—became leader of Nazi Party & arrested for trying to seize govt. power…..
-while in jail, he wrote Mein Kampf = My Struggle
-Wanted his “master race” (Aryans) to be superior
left prison & revived Nazi Party
-Great Depression leaves Germany in economic RUINS!!!!
--Germans began to turn to Hitler for leadership & security….

5. *Hitler wants control over ALL of German life
-contols press, radio, TV….
-had mass propaganda campaign in Germany
-burned any book that did NOT support Nazi ideas
-Churches forbidden to criticize Nazis & govt.
-targeted Jews as the source for all of Germany’s problems since the war
-set up Gestapo--- Nazi secret police
-SS---loyal to Hitler---elite black uniformed unit---murdered 100s of AH’s enemies
Nov. 9, Kristallnacht--- Night of Broken Glass
--Nazi mobs attacked Jews in the streets, their homes, & businesses…..burned Synagogues & murdered Jews
***Begins the REAL start of the Jew elimination plan

7. *Other countries that fell to dictators:
Eastern Europe:
-Hungary -Poland -Yugoslavia -Albania
-Bulgaria -Romania
*ONLY Euro nations w/ strong traditions in democracy lived on w/out a dictator:
-England -France -Scandinavian countries
*By mid-1930s-----
-world is split into 2 groups:
-democratic nations Totalitarian nations
***Dictators were brutal & restricted civil rights
**worst examples = Nazi Germany & Communist Russia