1. Socialization

2. Nature VS Nurture
Feral children

3. Social experience is crucial in forming personality
Anna & Isabelle
Effect of minimal human contact
Without social experience, a child is incapable of thought or meaningful action
Institutionalized patient
Harlow monkey studies
Isolation produced permanent developmental damage

4. Results of socialization
Personality
Thought
The social self

5. Personality Sigmund Freud Humans internalize social norms
Id = Basic drives
Ego = Balance
Superego = Conscience
Culture
Humans internalize social norms

6. Thought (Cognitive development)
Jean Piaget
Cognition (thinking)

7. Piaget’s stages of cognitive development
Sensorimotor stage (0-2)
Object permanence
Preoperational stage (2-7)
Use of language
Egocentric
Concrete operations stage (7-12)
Logic develops - “Conservation of matter”
Formal operations
Abstract thought - imagine alternatives

8. The social self George H. Mead Generalized other
The “self” comes from social experience
Self-awareness and self image
Generalized other
Cultural norms & values we use as a reference in evaluating ourselves.
“Taking the role of the other”
Imaging the situation from another person’s point of view

9. Developing the “Generalized Other”
Imitation
Play
Game
Generalized other

10. The social self Charles H. Cooley The Looking-glass Self
People see themselves the way they think others see them.

11. Resocialization & total institutions
Radically changing a personality
Goffman = Resocialization is eroding an old identity, then building a new identity
Total institutions