1. Introduction to Science
Chapter 1

2. How does science happen?
Investigations
Experiments
Observations
Testing Results

3. Science has many branches.
Natural Science
Biological Science
Zoology
Botany
Ecology
Earth Science
Geology
Meteorology
Physical Science
Physics:
Forces and Energy
Chemistry:
Matter and its changes

4. Science & Technology Science Technology
Pure science is the search for knowledge.
They just want to learn how and why things work the way they do.
Technology
The practical application of science.
Putting the information to something we can use.

5. Theories & Laws The Speed 186,000 mps of Light
Scientific Theory – a tested, possible explanation of a natural event.
Can be changed or modified over time as new information is discovered.
Scientific Law – a theory that has been tested many times and has had the same outcome each time.
It is always true.
The Speed
186,000 mps
of Light

6. Models A representation of an object or event. Drawings
Computer programs
Items used to represent ideas or things.

7. The Scientific Method Observe Formulate a Question Collect Data
Form a Hypothesis
Test the Hypothesis
Observation
Analyze the results
Form a conclusion

8. Testing a Hypothesis Create an experiment to test your hypothesis.
You will need to have a variable.
A variable is the thing that changes in your experiment.
You need to change only one variable at a time.
There are two types of variables:
Independent – the one you are changing
Dependent – the one that changes because of changing the independent variable.
You will need a control.
A control is a part of the experiment that does not contain the variable. It is used for comparison.
You need to be able to reproduce the results to confirm the hypothesis.

9. Types of Graphs

10. Types of Graphs

11. Scientific Notation
A value written as a simple number multiplied by a power of 10.
104 = 10,000
103 = 1,000
102 = 100
101 = 10
100 = 1
10-1 = .01
10-2 = .001
4,600,000,000,000m = 4.6 X 1012m
kg = 2.3 X 10-9kg
Addition and subtraction must be done with the same power of 10.
When multiplying you add the powers of 10.
When you divide you subtract.

12. Precision & Accuracy
Precision – the degree of exactness of a measurement.
Accuracy – the extent to which a measurement approaches the true value.
How close the data is to the accepted value.