1. A common term used to describe prokaryotes http://bit.ly/1mSWBSI
Bacteria (Ch 19 & pg )
A common term used to describe prokaryotes

2. Word Part Meaning Other Words I know
Bi-
two
Bipolar, binomial,
Di-
Disaccharide, dichotomous, dihybrid
Lysis-
Breakdown
Hydrolysis, lysosome, lytic, lysogenic
Pro-
Before
Prokaryote, phase
Eu-
True
Eukaryote, eubacteria
Auto-
Self
Autotroph, automatic, autopilot
Hetero-
Different
Heterozygous, heterotroph,
Anti-
Against
Antibiotic, antibody
Bio-
life
Biology, biogenic, abiogenesis

3. 2 Kingdoms Eubacteria Archaebacteria Largest of 2 Live everywhere
Live places nothing else can
Possible precursor to eukaryotes

4. Check for Understanding
Which bacteria might scientists think was the first organism on Earth?
Which bacteria live places other things can’t?
Which one lives everywhere?

5. Many Methods of Classification
Shapes
Coccus-round
Bacillus-rod
Spirillum-spiral

6. Classification Cont.
Cell Walls
Gram positive
Gram negative

7. Classification Cont. How they obtain energy: Heterotroph (most)
Autotroph
Photoautotroph
Chemoautotroph

8. Classification Cont. Use Oxygen Obligate Aerobe Obligate Anaerobe
Facultative Anaerobe
Example: E. coli with oxygen –intestine
without oxygen – sewage &
contaminated water

9. Check for Understanding
What are the 4 ways bacteria are classified?
What are the 3 shapes of bacteria?
What does obligate aerobe mean?

10. Reproduction Binary Fission (asexual) Conjugation (sexual)
Spore Formation (survive in unfavorable conditions)

11. Check for Understanding
Which of the forms of reproduction allows for DNA to be mixed with another bacteria?
Which would allow for an increase in genes in the gene pool?

12. Importance Decomposers Nitrogen fixation
Foods (yogurt, cheese, sour milk products)
Industry (clean-up oil spills)
Medicine
Pathogenic (disease causing)

13. Check for Understanding
Are all bacteria bad?
What is a pathogen?

14. Controlling Bacteria Sterilization Disinfectants Food processing
Storage

15. Koch’s Postulates (Germ Theory of Disease
Rules to identify the specific cause of a disease (relate the bacteria to a microbe).

16. 4 Rules
Bacteria must be found in an organism suffering from the disease, but not in healthy organisms
Bacteria must be isolated and grown in pure culture
Bacteria should cause disease when introduced into a healthy organism
Bacteria must be isolated from the host and identified as identical to the original bacteria.

17. Check for Understanding
Why would we want to know which bacteria are disease causing?
What are the 4 steps to identify the cause of a disease (briefly)?

18. Classification and Taxonomy
Classification – grouping based on similarities
Taxonomy – The science of classifying and naming organisms

19. Binomial Nomenclature
A system for naming organisms by structure created by Linnaeus
Written in Latin
Includes the organisms:
Genus (Capitalized)
Species (lowercase)
Example: Homo sapien or Homo sapien

20. Scientific vs. Common Name
Scientific Name:
Genus and species name
Iguana iguana
Felis domesticus
Common Name:
Organism is commonly called
Green Iguana
Domestic Cat

21. Check for Understanding
What is wrong with the way this scientific name is written?
Felis Domesticus
Who came up with the system of classification we use today?

23. Complete Classification of Humans
Domain (Eukarya)
Kingdom (Animalia)
Phylum (Chordata)
Class (Mammalia)
Order (Primates)
Family (Hominid)
Genus (Homo)
Species (sapien)

24. Check for Understanding
How will you remember the levels of classification?
What are the levels of classification?