1. Chapter 5- Civil Rights
Objective – Students will be able to answer questions regarding civil rights.
SECTION
© 2001 by Prentice Hall, Inc.

2. 14th Amendment (1868)
American Government
Forbids any state to “deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.”
Sex, race, ethnicity, age, disability, sexual preference

3. Civil Rights History African Americans
American Government
African Americans
Jim Crow Laws – segregated community
de jure (by law) and de facto (by reality)
Plessy v. Ferguson – separate but equal
NAACP – 20th century push for rights
Brown v. Board of Education – “separate but equal” unconstitutional
Civil Rights Act of 1964, 24th Amendment (poll tax), Voting Rights Act 1965

4. Civil Rights Act of 1964 Voting Public accommodations Schools
American Government
Voting
Public accommodations
Barred discrimination
Schools
Gov can force desegregation though litigation
Employment
Federal Funds

5. Civil Rights History Native Americans
American Government
Native Americans
2 million people live on “reservations”
Push for more sovereignty on their land
Ex. – gambling operation rights
Art. 1, Sec. 8 – commerce clause give Congress right to regulate Indian tribes

6. Civil Rights History Latino/Latina Rights
American Government
Latino/Latina Rights
37 million in US (about 10 million in 1980)
Mexican – 15million-rights issues include Bilingual education programs, immigration
Puerto Rican – 2.7 million-PR is a commonwealth of US, citizens can move freely back and forth, not represented in Congress, don’t have to pay federal income tax

7. Civil Rights History
American Government
Cubans – 1960s, many fled communist takeover by Castro, “wet foot, dry foot” policy
Central and South American – political trouble is driving people to US, face similar bilingual and immigration issues

8. Civil Rights History Asian American 8 million in US, 40% of immigrants
American Government
Asian American
8 million in US, 40% of immigrants
Chinese Exclusion Act 1882 – lasted through WWII
WWII – Japanese racism – internment
Korematsu v. US (1944)
1980s reparations for internment

9. Women and Equal Rights
American Government
Seneca Falls Convention – 1848 – beginning of women’s suffrage movement
19th Amendment – 1920 – Women gained the right to vote

10. Women and Equal Rights Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) 1972
American Government
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) 1972
“Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the US or any State on account of sex.”
Roe v. Wade (1973) – women’s freedom to choose abortion

11. Women and Equal Rights Civil Rights Act (1964)
American Government
Civil Rights Act (1964)
Title VII – prohibits gender discrimination in employment, extended to sexual harassment
Comparable worth – “equal pay for equal work”
Title IX – provide equal funding for all programs that receive federal funding

12. Rights for Older Americans
American Government
Age discrimination illegal
Age Discrimination in Employment Act raised the general compulsory retirement age to 70
AARP – interest group – large influence

13. Homosexual Rights
American Government
1993 – “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” – gay rights to be in the military
Lawrence v. Texas (2003) – law against homosexual action violated due process of 14th Amendment – “life, liberty, and property”
Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)- right to marry is guaranteed to same sex couples via the due process and equal protection clause of the 14th amendment

14. Rights for Disabled Americans
American Government
17% of Americans have a disability
Rehabilitation Act of illegal to discriminate based on disability
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 – protect disabled rights – SC has somewhat limited this act

15. Reverse Discrimination
American Government
Equality of opportunity vs. equality of results – Do civil rights require the absence of discrimination OR require racial balance?
University of California v. Bakke 1978 – strict quotas unconstitutional, race can be a criteria for admission to a public institution

16. Section Assessment
Describe what the 14th Amendment has to do with civil rights.
Describe one piece of legislation or Supreme Court case that has influenced the civil rights of… a) African Americans
b) Women
c) Disabled Americans

17. Summary: In a paragraph, describe what you have learned today.