1. Prentice Hall World History Connections to Today 2010/2011
Ancient Greece
Prentice Hall World History Connections to Today 2010/2011

2. The Rise of the Greek City-States
750 B.C.- Rapid population growth
Forces some Greeks to leave their own land and go overseas

3. Rise of Greek City-States
As their world expanded, Greeks created a unique version of the city-state called the polis.
Population of city-states is fairly small, so people feel involved
Imagine a city on 2 levels……
- Hilltop - acropolis with marble temples dedicated to different gods & goddesses
-Area Below- walled main city with marketplace, homes, buildings, and theater

5. Rise of Greek City-States
Between 750 B.C. and 500 B.C., Greeks develop different forms of government.
Monarchy- king or queen exercises central power.
Aristocracy- rule by the landholding elite.
Oligarchy- power held by a small, powerful elite, usually the business class.

6. Warfare
Technological advancement. By c. 650BC, iron weapons replace d bronze weapons. (Iron was cheaper; more people could afford=more soldiers)
The Phalanx: a formation of foot soldiers; very hard to attack

7. Phalanx

8. Athens vs. Sparta
City-states of Athens and Sparta became the two most dominant in Greece
Athens = philosophy, political rights of the individual, learning, art, glory in thought and virtue
Sparta = stern discipline, military values, glory in fighting

9. Sparta Had slaves (helots) to work the land
Ran by 2 kings and an oligarchy
Strict, tough, great warriors
Started boys in military school by
age 7.

11. Athens All citizens (males) had a say in gov’t
Athens had warriors too, but was more focused on the human individual and experience.
The 3 greatest philosophers from the Ancient World came from Athens:
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle

14. Persian Wars 500 B.C.- Athens is the wealthiest Greek city-state.
Persians- conquered a huge empire stretching from Asia Minor to the border of India. They ruled over an area of Greece called Ionia.
Ionian Greeks rebel against Persian rule.

15. Empire of Persia (at its height)

16. Ionian Greeks

17. Persian Wars
Athens sends ships to help the Ionian Greeks who are rebelling against the Persians.
The Persians crush the rebels, but the King Darius- the King of Persia-is still angry at Athens for doing this.
So, the King sends a huge force to punish Athens.

18. Persian Wars- Battle of Marathon
Persians greatly outnumber the Athenian forces.
Athenian assault was fierce, and the Persians retreated to their ships
The Athenians celebrated their triumph.

19. Persian Wars- Thermopylae
Persians send a larger force to conquer Greece.
By this time, Athenians had convinced Spartans and other city-states to fight with them against the Persians.
Persians landed an army and faced a small Spartan force guarding a narrow mountain pass.

21. Persian Wars- Thermopylae
Spartans were known for holding out heroically against the enormous Persian force.
After defeating the Spartans, the Persians marched south and burned Athens. The city was empty because the Athenians had withdrawn to safety

22. Persian Wars
Next major battle is the water…….Greek fleet of ships defeats Persian navy.
Finally, the Greeks defeat Persians on land. This victory marked the end of the Persian invasions.

23. Classwork Directions: You can work with a partner. On your own
sheet of paper, answer these questions. For this activity,
you & your partner can have the same answers.
#3 Under Skills Assessment on p.111
#3,4,5 on p.114