1. Bloodborne Pathogens Exposure Control
Developed by:
EOHSS- Scott Finkernagel, Biological Safety
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2. Introduction Presented by: Eugene G. Martin, Ph.D. HIV-oraquick Test
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3. Performing the Test
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4. Agenda – Bloodborne Pathogens
OSHA Requirements
Exposure control plan – Every employer MUST have a ECP
General methods of compliance
Universal precautions
Engineering and work practice controls
Regulated waste, Blood spill kit
Hepatitis B vaccination
Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up
Training and hazard communication
Recordkeeping (medical records, training and sharps injury log)
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5. Overview -
Human Blood has many pathogenic organisms, by complying with the Bloodborne Pathogen Standard , occupational risk to exposure will be reduced.
The Bloodborne Pathogen Standard focuses primarily on hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which causes AIDS
However, many other pathogens may be present in blood or body fluids. (Herpes, CMV,HTLV)
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6. UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS
All human blood, blood products and other potentially infectious materials are treated as if they were KNOWN to be INFECTIOUS
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7. EXPOSURE INCIDENT
A work-related contact of blood or OPIM with the eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non-intact skin, or parenteral injury such as a cut or needle-stick with a contaminated item
(OPIM – Other Potentially Infectious Material)
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8. Bloodborne Pathogen Definition
Blood - human blood, its components, and products
Human body fluids: semen, vaginal secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, pleural fluid, pericardial fluid, peritoneal fluid, amniotic fluid, saliva in dental procedures, any body fluid that is visibly contaminated with blood, and all body fluids in situations where it is difficult or impossible to differentiate between body fluids;
Any unfixed tissue or organ (other than intact skin) from a human (living or dead); and
HIV-containing cell or tissue cultures, organ cultures, and HIV- or HBV-containing culture medium or other solutions; and blood, organs, or other tissues from experimental animals infected with HIV or HBV.
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9. Personal Protective Equipment
Specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against a hazard
Examples:
Gloves
Eye Protection
Lab Coat
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10. Engineering and Work Practice Controls
Personal Hygiene
Specimen Handling
Test Equipment Handling
Cleaning and Disinfecting
Use a freshly prepared 10% bleach solution to clean up any spills
Dispose of used test materials in a Regulated medical waste container
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11. Work Practice Controls
Work Practice Controls means controls that reduce the likelihood of exposure by altering the manner in which a task is performed (e.g., prohibiting recapping of needles by a two-handed technique).
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12. Regulated Waste Containment
Regulated waste is placed into containers that are constructed to prevent leakage, appropriately labeled, and can be closed prior to removal. These containers must be lined with a red biohazard bag.
liquid or semi-liquid blood or other potentially infectious materials
contaminated sharps
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13. Sharps Containers/Safety Device
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14. Hepatitis B (HBV) Major infectious bloodborne occupational hazard
Most preventable
HBV vaccine
Engineering & work practice controls
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
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15. HBV - Vaccine Benefits 90% effective in adults Series of 3 doses
No live components
rDNA
HBsAg
Available to all employees at no cost
Protection against
Acute Hepatitis B
Chronic effects
cirrhosis
liver cancer
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16. Procedures Following Exposure Incident
Immediately wash affected area(s)
Recover & save the specimen; refrigerate if possible
Secure & post work area, Notify Supervisor
Follow Post Exposure Procedures in your Exposure Control Plan
Immediate Medical evaluation and follow-up
Testing, Post-exposure prophylaxis, when medically indicated
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17. Hazard Communication
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18. Summary BBP compliance issues for rapid HIV testing sites
Any Questions………………
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19. Where to Get More Information
Consult your labs Exposure Control Plan
OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard
CDC guidelines on rapid HIV testing
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