1. of Organisational Performance & Change
A Causal Model
of Organisational Performance & Change
(Burke & Litwin Model)

2. Introduction
B-L model suggests linkages that hypothesize how performance is affected by internal and external factors.
It provides a framework to assess organisational & environmental dimensions that are keys to successful change and how these dimensions should be linked causally to achieve a change in performance.
The causal model links what could be understood from practice to what is known from research and theory.
Burke-Litwin believes environmental factors to be the most important driver for change. Indeed, most change can be traced back to external drivers for change.
(Burke & Litwin,1992)

3. Introduction…continued
The model not only discusses how different dimensions link with each other but also discusses how the external environment affects the different dimensions in an organisation.
The model focuses on providing a guide for both organisational diagnosis and planned and managed organisational change, one that clearly shows cause-and-effect relationships
(Burke & Litwin,1992)

4. The model revolves around 12 organizational dimensions
External environment
Mission and strategy
Leadership
Organisational culture
Structure
Management practices
Systems
Work unit climate
Task and individual skills
Individual needs and values
Motivation
Individual and organisational performance
(Burke & Litwin,1992)

5. (Burke & Litwin,1992)

6. Burke-Litwin: Understanding Drivers for Change
The Burke-Litwin model:
shows the various drivers of change and ranks them in terms of importance.
The model is expressed diagrammatically, with the most important factors featuring at the top. The lower layers become gradually less important.
The model argues that all of the factors are integrated (to greater or lesser degrees). Therefore, a change in one will eventually affect all other factors.
The model also distinguishes between transformational and transactional organisational dynamics in organisations.
Transformational dynamics: the top half of the model with the performance variable.
Transactional dynamics: the bottom half of the model.
(Burke & Litwin,1992)

7. Organizational Variables in the Burke-Litwin Model

8. Organizational Variables in the Burke-Litwin Model…con