1. Byzantium Becomes the New Rome

2. Timeline of the Fall of Rome
324- Constantine reunites Roman Empire
330- Moves the capital to Constantinople
395- West and East Rome was officially divided.
410- Rome is attacked by the Vandals
413- Constantinople begins building its protective walls to keep Germanics out
420- Rome attacked again
476- Rome falls, along with the Empire
527 Justinian took the throne of the Eastern Empire.

3. Western
Rome
SPLITS
EASTERN
ROME

4. Western
Rome
EASTERN
ROME
Byzantine

5. What language
was spoken
in the
Byzantine Empire?
GREEK

6. Capital = Constantinople Continued as the New ROME
EASTERN ROME
Capital = Constantinople
Continued as the New ROME
Kings saw themselves to still be considered ROMAN emperors

7. ADVANTAGES Located on the waterway between the Aegean & Black Seas.
Protection of Eastern frontier
Distance from Germanic invaders in Western Empire.
Located at crossroads of trading routes between Europe & Asia. (Caravans)
Easily fortified on a peninsula bordering natural harbor.

8. EASTERN
ROME
BECOMES
Byzantine Empire

9. Constantinople
Survived because it was far away from the Germanic tribe invasions
It was the crossroads of trade so it was successful
Preserved Greco-Roman culture

10. Justinian
Justinian was a serious emperor who worked from dawn to midnight
He helped rebuild and re-conquer Rome
Had ABSOLUTE POWER = controlled both government and church
Wife helped- Theodora 1

12. Byzantine Under Justinian
He wanted a re-conquest of the Roman territories that were lost through Germanic invasions

13. Justinian’s Accomplishments
Sent Best general Belisarius to take North Africa from the Vandals
2 Years later Belisarius took Rome back from the Ostrogoths
Justinian won back nearly all the territory Rome used to rule.

14. Justinian Code
Justinian set up a panel of legal experts to look through 400 years of Roman law.
Some laws were outdated
Justinian wanted to create a single, uniform code
This became known as the Justinian Code that was used for 900 years after his death
He set up a panel of 10 legal experts. Between they built this single, uniform code.

15. Justinian Expands Trade
The main street that ran through Constantinople was called the MESE which means “Middle Way”
It ran from the imperial palace to the outer walls

16. Justinian Expands Trade
There was a giant open-air market where shoppers could buy
Tin from England
Wine from France
Cork from Spain
Ivory and gold from Africa

17. JUSTINIAN
THEODORA

19. Byzantium Preserves Learning
Families valued education
Sent children to monastic or public schools
Hired private tutors
Greek and Latin grammar, philosophy and rhetoric
They preserved Greek and Roman great works

20. Justinian’s Building Program
Launched the most ambitious public building program the Roman world had ever seen.
City protected by a deep moat, and three walls that were 25 feet thick
City coast was surrounded by a 14-mile stone wall

22. The Hagia Sophia Justinians’ most splendid building
Christian church later taken by the Muslims
Hagia Sophia was the first time that a large circular dome had been set atop a rectangular opening.
At the end of the Byzantine Empire in 1453 the Hagia Sophia became a mosque.
Today, it is a museum.
Meant “Holy Wisdom” in Greek

26. East = Eastern Orthodox
West = Roman Catholic
East = Eastern Orthodox
Greek
Latin

27. DECLINE & FALL By 700s Byzantine was reduced to mainly Greek areas.
Constantly under attack, first by the SELJUK TURKS (Muslims) & then by the OTTOMAN TURKS who officially defeated the Byzantines in 1453 A.D.

28. In 1054 A.D., the Orthodox Christian
Church officially split from the Roman
Catholic Church in the Great Schism