1. SHAPE MATTERS!! Proteins & Amino Acids:
All amino acids share a certain molecular part – an amino group, a central carbon, and a carboxylic acid group. They differ in their R groups. The R is like an “X” in algebra. It can represent many different molecular pieces.

2. Protein Function Transport Antibodies Metabolism Enzymes!!!!!
Across cell membranes
Around the body
Antibodies
Metabolism
Enzymes!!!!!
Regulate chemical reactions
Structure
Skin, nails, bones
Collagen
Proteins have 5 major roles in living systems. These are transport of other molecules, antibody formation and recognition, metabolic control, enzyme activity and structural support.

3. Amino Acids: The Building Blocks
Protein Monomers
20 types
9 essential
Unique R
group

4. R Group Examples
Add asparagine!

5. R Group Examples - Proline
Central Carbon in ring
Rigid
Important in Collagen
Non “essential”

6. R Groups – Polar and Non Polar
There are 20 amino acids that serve as the building blocks for proteins. These twenty amino acids can be divided into two main groups – those that are hydrophobic or water avoiding (orange/tan above) and those that are hydrophilic or water loving (green, magenta and blue). The hydrophilic amino acids can in turn be divided into three groups – polar, negative charged or acidic and positively charged or basic. These R group properties are very important to the structure and shape of the proteins they make.
Later when we analyze proteins we will need to refer back to the single letter that represents each amino acid i.e. R is arginine, H is histidine, F is phenylalanine.
POLAR

7. Dehydration Synthesis
joining 2 amino acids – forms dipeptide

8. Proteins “Primary Structure” is sequence of amino acids in proteins
genetically determined