1. Continue of Plant kingdom
Roots, Stems and Leaves
Continue of Plant kingdom

2. I. Specialized Tissues A. Seed plants have organized tissues 1. Roots
A. Anchor plants
B. Absorbs water
C. Prevent Erosion
2. Stems
A. Supports
B. Transports
C. Protects
3. Leaves
A. Photosynthesis
B. Adjustable pores to prevent water loss

3. II. Roots A. Two types of roots 1. Taproots 2. Fibrous roots
A. Mainly found in dicots
Single, large root
2. Fibrous roots
A. Mainly found in monocots

4. III. Stems A. Three important functions
1. Produce leaves, branches and flowers
2. Hold leaves up to sunlight
3. Transports substances between roots and stems

5. B. Distinct Regions 1. Nodes: where leaves are attached
2. Internodes: Regions between nodes
3. Buds: Attached to nodes
A. Make new leaves and stems

6. C. Monocots and Dicots stems
A. Vascular bundles are scattered
Flower petals come in multiples of 3
Parallel veins in leaves
2. Dicots
B. Vascular bundles are arranged in a cylinder
Flower petals come in multiples of 4 or 5
Netted veins in leaves
Monocot
Dicot

7. IV. Leaves
A. Structure designed to optimize light and do photosynthesis
1. Blades: thin flat section
2. Petioles: attaches blade by a thick stock
3. Covered by a thick cuticle
A. protects and limits water loss

8. B. Photosynthesis 1. Mostly occurs in the tissues called the Mesophyll
A. Palisade mesophyll: absorbs the light
B. Spongy mesophyll: loose tissue filled with air spaces
Air spaces connect to the outside by the Stomata

9. C. Transpiration 1. Loss of water through leaves
2. Helps pull water up through stomata
Stomata also stays open for gas exchange, but not too long because of water loss