1. James Mackie, ECDPM, Maastricht, Netherlands
NIDOS Annual Seminar Implications for Scotland In a post-2015 & post-Referendum Era
What do the Referendum and the new post-2015 Framework mean for us in Scotland?
James Mackie, ECDPM, Maastricht, Netherlands
23 October 2014

2. Outline The Conference Post-Referendum and Post-2015
International cooperation
The UN post-2015 process
Goals & Transformation agenda
Finance for development
The European post-2015 process
Common positions, Dev & Env
Outstanding challenges
Opportunities for Scotland
PCD – policy coherence for development
Post-2015 – Action inside Scotland
ECDPM

3. The Conference Aims: to inform, to reflect and to debate
Very dynamic context – a threshold moment
Post-2015 debate internationally & at home
Post-Referendum
Further devolution – The Smith Commission
Creating a fairer Scotland – tackling inequality
Widespread reflection on development policy
Scottish Government
UK Parliament –IDC ‘Beyond’-Aid inquiry
EU level debate on post-2015 – new leadership
Engaging with Scottish public in 2015
Also 10 Years since Making Poverty History
How to use dynamism: youth, diasporas, …
How best to raise public awareness on 2015?
ECDPM

4. Post-Referendum & post-2015
Doing what we do already but better
Expand Scottish international development?
Or focus more on increasing quality?
Dynamism of the Referendum debate
Focus on creating a better Scotland
What does this mean for international cooperation?
Post-2015
Reframe global agenda for development
Build on the MDGs but go further
Wide agenda but can it be made manageable and motivating like the MDGs?
Wider agenda has implications for action inside Europe and inside Scotland
ECDPM

5. International Cooperation
Debate on development has broadened
Lessons from the MDG experience
Focus on poverty reduction good but too limited
Development aid not enough on its own
Demand for development – not just poverty focus
Experience shows importance of other issues
Security, governance, trade, international financial flows, global financial stability …
Our own internal policies with external impact
PCD – policy coherence for development – is key
Sustainable development has 3 aspects
So post-2015 framework has to cover a lot more
But we also need to think differently about development – it is not just about aid
ECDPM

6. Our Collective Interest - new ETTG book www.ettg.eu
How will we judge success of new EU leadership?
By 2020 will the EU have helped to tackle 5 challenges?:
The world economy: is it becoming more equitable, resilient and democratic?
Is world set on a more sustainable path?
Is world more peaceful and secure?
Is world better governed and more democratic?
Have poverty and inequality declined?
10/10/14

7. The UN post-2015 process 2 working groups reported during summer:
OWG on the goals and target – 19 July 2014
ICESDF on the finance and means of implementation – 15 August 2014
UNGA – ~70 states supported OWG report
UN Secretary General Synthesis Report
Due end November
Negotiations on goals start early 2015
Co-chairs: Ireland and Kenya
Three key moments in 2015
Finance: UN Financing Conf. – Addis, July
Goals: UN-GA – New York, September
Climate: UNFCCC COP21 – Paris, December
ECDPM

8. The Transformative Agenda
UN High Level Panel Report May 2013
Five big transformative shifts
Leave no one behind
Out sustainable development at the core
Transform economies for jobs and inclusive growth
Build peace and effective, open and accountable institutions for all
Forge a new global partnership
But what does this mean in practice?
Need to go further than just reducing poverty
MDGs too focused on tackling the symptoms and not enough on the causes
ECDPM

9. Goals proposed by OWG End poverty
Achieve food security and improved nutrition
Ensure healthy lives and well-being
Inclusive and equitable education
Gender equality and empower women and girls
Availability of water & sanitation
Affordable, reliable & sustainable energy
Inclusive & sustainable growth
Resilient infrastructure, inclusive industrialisation
Reduce inequality within & among countries
Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient & sustainable
Sustainable consumption & production
Urgent action to combat climate change
Sustainable use of oceans, seas & marine resources
Sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems
Peaceful & inclusive societies, justice for all, inclusive institutions
Strengthen finance, MoI, global partnership & PCSD
Goals proposed by OWG
ECDPM

10. Development finance MDGs became very focused on ODA
Financing gap notion – Jeff Sachs
But have to think ‘Beyond Aid’ (ERD2013)
There are a lot other types of finance
Domestic resources
Domestic capital
Foreign direct investment
Remittances
South-South cooperation
Finance cannot solve everything
Policies important – national & international
How to make most effective use of finance
ECDPM

11. Trends in development finance (2011 US$Bn)
All developing countries
Low Income Countries
Source: ERD2014 (forthcoming)
ECDPM

12. Financial flows by income level (% of GDP)
Source: ERD2014 (forthcoming)
ECDPM

13. The European debate High level of interest – commitment to MDGs
Commission (DEVCO+ENV) pushing a strong common EU position
A Decent Life for All – 2 June 2014 [COM 335]
Earlier policy papers in Feb & Dec 2013
EU generally satisfied with UN process so far
Council conclusions in Dec 2014
Outstanding challenges:
Goals & targets – coverage vs. number
Global partnership – Finance and other MoI
Universality and differentiation
Targets for in-country development
Targets for helping other countries
Targets for supporting global public goods
ECDPM

14. Questions for Scotland
Devolution – does S.Govt. need more powers?
Scottish international development programme
Expanding the effort – does that help?
Diversification or is it better to focus more?
Improving effectiveness – key principles to use: ownership, alignment and harmonisation
PCD – internal policies that affect others
Many such policies decided at EU level:
Trade, Agriculture, Fisheries, Migration, …
But Scottish attitudes & behaviour affect them
New issues: consumption, waste, renewables
Achieving the post-2015 targets in Scotland
Inequality & poverty: domestic & international
ECDPM

15. Thank you