1. Day 23 Agenda ACT Practice Microscopes Notes
Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes
HW: study for Quiz on Thursday over microscope types and parts

2. Bell Ringer Day 23
ACT Practice Set

3. Microscopes

4. History of the Microscope
1655 – Robert Hooke used a compound microscope to observe pores in cork
He called them “cells”

6. History of the Microscope
Antoine van Leeuwenhoek
1st to see living organisms

7. Microscope Vocabulary
Magnification: increase of an object’s apparent size
Resolution: power to show details clearly

8. Staining
Objects can be stained so that parts can be seen better.

9. Total Magnification
Multiply the eyepiece magnification (10X) by the objective magnification (4X, 10X, 40X)
Example: 4 x 10 = 40X total

10. 1. Compound Light Microscope 1st type of microscope, most widely used
Types of Microscopes
1. Compound Light Microscope
1st type of microscope, most widely used
light passes through 2 lenses
Can magnify up to 2000x
Can view living specimens

11. Eyepiece
Objective lenses

12. Types of Microscopes
2. Electron Microscope
Used to observe VERY small objects: viruses, DNA, parts of cells
Uses beams of electrons rather than light
Much more powerful

13. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) Can magnify up to 250,000x
Types of Microscopes
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
Can magnify up to 250,000x
View details within structures

16. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Can magnify up to 100,000x
Types of Microscopes
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
Can magnify up to 100,000x
View the 3D structure/texture

19. The Discovery of Cells Prokaryotic before nucleus Eukaryotic true

20. Prokaryotes NO nucleus NO membrane bound organelles (just ribosomes)
ALL are unicellular
Smaller than eukaryotic cells
Forerunner to eukaryotic cells (smaller and more simple)
DNA –circular
Ex: ALL Bacteria 21

21. Eukaryotes Has a nucleus with a nuclear envelope
Bigger and more complex than prokaryotes
Have membrane bound Organelles (golgi, ER, lysosomes…etc)
DNA – double-stranded and forms chromosomes (highly organized)
Can be uni- OR multicellular organisms
Ex: animals, plants, fungi

22. Similarities Contain all four macromolecules Have ribosomes Have DNA
(lipids, carbs, proteins, and nucleic acids)
Have ribosomes
Have DNA
Similar Metabolism
Can be unicellular
Have cell/plasma membranes
May have cell wall

23. Eukaryote VS. Prokaryote Picture