1. Organization Development and Change
Chapter Two:
The Nature of Planned Change
Developed by: M.Salman Azhar

2. Learning Objectives for Chapter Two
To describe and compare three major perspectives on changing organizations.
To introduce a General Model of Planned Change that will be used to organize the material presented in the book.
To describe how planned change can be adopted to fit different kinds of conditions.
Developed by: M.Salman Azhar

3. Developed by: M.Salman Azhar
Lewin’s Change Model
Unfreezing
Movement
Refreezing
Developed by: M.Salman Azhar

4. Problem Identification Data gathering after action
Action Research Model
Problem Identification
Joint diagnosis
Consultation with a
behavioral scientist
Joint action planning
Data gathering &
preliminary diagnosis
Action
Data gathering after action
Feedback to Client
Developed by: M.Salman Azhar

5. Positive Model Initiate the Inquiry Inquire into Best Practices
Discover Themes
Envision a Preferred Future
Design and Deliver Ways to Create the Future
Developed by: M.Salman Azhar

6. Comparison of Planned Change Models
Similarities
Change preceded by diagnosis or preparation
Apply behavioral science knowledge
Stress involvement of organization members
Recognize the role of a consultant
Differences
General vs. specific activities
Centrality of consultant role
Problem-solving vs. social constructionism
Developed by: M.Salman Azhar

7. General Model of Planned Change
Planning
and
Implementing
Change
Evaluating
and
Institutionalizing
Change
Entering
and
Contracting
Diagnosing
Developed by: M.Salman Azhar

8. Different Types of Planned Change
Magnitude of Change
Incremental
Quantum
Degree of Organization
Overorganized
Underorganized
Domestic vs. International Settings
Developed by: M.Salman Azhar

9. Critique of Planned Change
Conceptualization of Planned Change
Change in not linear
Change is not rational
The relationship between change and performance is unclear
Practice of Planned Change
Limited consulting skills and focus
Quick fixes vs. development approaches
Developed by: M.Salman Azhar