1. April 17, 2016
Bellwork: Describe the different viewpoints of slavery that existed in the United States in the Antebellum Era (from yesterday’s gallery walk). What actions did people take to support their viewpoints?

2. Manifest Destiny
“It is…our manifest destiny to overspread and to possess the whole of the continent which Providence has given us for the development of the great experiment of liberty.”

3. The period of time in U.S. history before the Civil War is known as the Antebellum Era (1800-1860)

4. Based on the map, what major changes occurred in America in the 1840s?
(Answer on the back of your notesheet)

5. Americans flooded into the West for new economic opportunities
In the 1840s, westward expansion led Americans to acquire all lands from the Atlantic to Pacific in a movement called Manifest Destiny
“Obvious”
“Future”
Americans flooded into the West for new economic opportunities
The U.S. gained Texas, Oregon, California, and other territories through treaty or war

6. The American Mission
Many Americans believed in manifest destiny- the idea that the nation had a God-given right to all of North America.
American Progress,
John Gast 1872

7. Changes in the early Antebellum era (1800-1840), encouraged westward expansion in the 1840s

8. When Americans were colonists (1607-1783), the western border was the Appalachian Mountains

9. After the Revolutionary War, the western border of the U. S
After the Revolutionary War, the western border of the U.S. was the Mississippi River

10. Jefferson’s Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the USA
Lewis and Clark’s exploration confirmed the economic potential of the western territory

11. Why move West? Economic opportunity
Financial strain left many believing in the promise of a fresh start in the West
Abundance of land
Farming and speculation
Land ownership = prosperity
As farmers and miners moved west, merchants followed, seeking new markets
Trading opportunities
Harbors in the Oregon Territory promised expanded trade with China and Japan

12. The growth of “King Cotton” and commercial farming led to a desire for more western lands

13. Changes in the early Antebellum era (1800-1840), encouraged westward expansion in the 1840s
Improved transportation such as canals, steamboats, & railroads increased speed & profitability

14. The U.S. population grew 300%
Western state populations exploded (Ohio’s population grew from 50,000 to 1.5 million)
The number of U.S. states grew from 13 to 26
The U.S. population grew 300%

15. Westward expansion brought conflict with Indians, such as the Black Hawk War, as trails disrupted hunting grounds and violated previous treaties

16. The Treaty of Fort Laramie created a vast Indian Territory but was repeatedly ignored by whites expanding West
Nearpod Prompt

17. The journey West was dangerous and unpredictable, yet thousands of Americans traveled along the Oregon, Santa Fe, and Mormon Trails

18. “Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way ” Emanuel Leutze, 1862 (Answer the following questions on the back of your notesheet)
What kind of person made the journey into the West?
What can you tell about the journey into the West?
Why would Americans make the journey into the West?

20. Soon, farmers, miners, ranchers, and religious groups flooded West
The earliest pioneers were fur traders, land speculators, and poor farmers looking for cheap land
Soon, farmers, miners, ranchers, and religious groups flooded West

21. The Oregon Trail led thousands of farmers to the fertile lands of Oregon in the 1840s
America: The Story of Us
Western expansion (start at 6.40)

22. Westward Trails The Oregon Trail
Started in Independence, Missouri and ended in Portland, Oregon
Americans attracted to Oregon because of its fertile soil and abundant rainfall
Some settlers had wagons, but most walked
Trip took months
Fever, diarrhea, and cholera killed many travelers
Caravans protected against attacks from Native Americans

23. The Santa Fe Trail allowed the U.S. to sell goods to Mexico

24. Westward Trails The Santa Fe Trail (780mi)
From Independence, Missouri to Santa Fe, New Mexico
Traders travelled in groups to avoid attacks by natives
Once they arrived in the Mexican province of New Mexico, teamwork ended
These traders established the first visible American presence in New Mexico and in the Mexican province of Arizona

25. After Joseph Smith’s murder in Illinois, Brigham Young led the Mormons to create a new settlement in Utah

26. The Mormon Migration
The Mormons played a major role in settling the West
Leader – Brigham Young
Established their community near the Great Salt Lake (present day Utah)
Awarded plots of land to each family based in size
Established a successful settlement – Salt Lake City blossomed

27. Quadrant 3: Manifest Destiny