1. Chapter 5 Study Guide The Gold Rush Years Name: _____________________
Homeroom: _____________
Test Date: __________________

2. official B military C headquarters A slavery E armed forces D
A. the offices of a commander or 
leader
official B
B. a person in a position of authority
military C
C. a nation's army, navy, and other
headquarters A
armed forces
D. group organized to protect a
slavery E
country with weapons
armed forces D
E. the practice of buying and selling people
and forcing them to work without pay

3. treaty C territory D forty-niner B gold rush E isthmus A
A. a narrow strip of land between two
bodies of water that joins two larger
areas of land
treaty C
B. a person who took part in the
California Gold Rush
territory D
C. a formal agreement between two
or more countries defining the terms
of peace or trade
forty-niner B
D. a country's land
gold rush E
E. a sudden move of people into a
place where gold has been discovered
isthmus A

4. technology B hydraulic mining C discrimination A
unequal treatment of people because
they are members a certain group
technology B
B. the use of tools and scientific
knowledge to produce goods and
services
hydraulic mining C
discrimination A
C. a method of mining that uses water
from hoses to wash away hillsides
to uncover gold

5. Lesson One: Bear Flag Revolt
Mexico
1. Spain lost control of California to ________________________.
2. Only ___________________________ were allowed to own land in California in 1840’s.
3. The United States started to want ___________________ of California.
4. What is Manifest Destiny?
_______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
5. ________________________ was the President of the U.S during this time.
Mexican citizens
control
The idea that the U.S. should stretch across
North America, from the Atlantic to Pacific Ocean.
James K. Polk

6. wanted to end Mexican rule in California.
6. Did the U.S. President agree with Manifest Destiny?
________________________________________________________
7. __________________ from the U.S. __________________ against
Mexican California.
8. Who were the Bears? _____________________________________
9. What was the importance of the town of Sonoma? ________________
Yes, he said the U.S. had a right to California's
land. It's ports would increase trade and protect the
country.
Settlers
rebelled
They were a group of settlers who
wanted to end Mexican rule in California.
Sonoma was
headquarters of part of the Mexican army in N. California

7. 10. What happened at Sonoma during the Bear Flag Revolt?
________________________________________________________
The Bears took control of the Mexican army headquarters
at Sonoma. They declared a new country, the Republic of
California, and raised a new flag to stand for it.
End of Lesson One!

8. Some feared that any land the U.S. won would
Lesson Two: The Mexican-American War
Disagreements
U.S.
1. ______________________ about borders between the ___________
and __________________ led to war.
2. What role did slavery play in the Mexican-American war?
________________________________________________________
3. What was the significance of the Treaty of Cahuenga?
4. How did the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo change the United States?
Mexico
Some feared that any land the U.S. won would
be opened up to slavery.
Peace treaty between the U.S. forces and Californios.
It brought the border of the U.S. to the Pacific Ocean
It made the people who lived there U.S. citizens

9. The Treaty of Cahuenga ended fighting
5. Why did fighting in California stop before the Mexican-American War
ended? 
__________________________________________________

______________________________________________________
__
The Treaty of Cahuenga ended fighting
in California, but war continued in other places.
6. Why was the Mexican-American War so important?
________________________________________________________
The war made California a part of the United States.
The war also gave the U.S. most of land it has today.
Review map on text book pg. 168
End of Lesson Two!

10. Lesson Three: The Gold Rush
1848
1. The discovery of ____________ in ____________ led to the
_______________ ________________.
2. Gold was first discovered at _______________________ by
____________________ and workers.
3. The first two major ways people found out about the Gold Rush were?
 ______________________________________________
  ______________________________________________
4. Forty-Niners took ____________ main ________________ to CA.
Gold
Rush
Sutter's Mill
James Marshall
Newspapers printing articles
President Polk's speech
three
routes

11. The Gold Rush changed California by bringing many
isthmus
5. The fastest route crossed the __________________ of
_________________.
6. Sailors spread news of the Gold rush to other ___________________.
7. Between 1848 and ____________________ people came to California.
8. About _______________ or ¼ of the people were _______________.
9. Gold Rush immigrants added to California’s ______________________.
10. Why is the Gold Rush such an influential period in our history?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________.
Panama
countries
300,000
75,000
immigrants
diversity
The Gold Rush changed California by bringing many
people from many places into the state very quickly.

12. Lesson Four: Life in the Goldfields
technology
1. Miners used ________________________ to get gold.
2. Miners used __________________, pouring water down the long
__________________ helped to separate out the ________________.
Three main tools miners used were:
  _____________________________
long toms
troughs
gold
pans
rockers
long toms
4. Within a few years most of the gold was gone. So miners started to
explore _________________________________.
hydraulic mining

13. It was one of the few places in the world where
5. What was so special about the area around the Sierra Nevada Mountains?
________________________________________________________
It was one of the few places in the world where
gold was found in large amounts
6. Challenges miners faced in mining camps:
  ____________________________________________
7. There were ________________ and ______________________ in the mining camps.
8. Each year the daily income of a miner _______________________.
fires
lack of food
exhaustion
lived in tents
violence
diversity
discrimination
decreased

14. lives of the miners and how no ones future was secure.
9. The two primary sources people used to learn about the lives of the forty-niners were:
  ________________________________
10. Explain this quote from Louise Clapp: How does it describe life in the gold fields?
 “ A man may work…for many months, and be poorer…than when he (began); or he may take out 
thousands in a few hours….”
________________________________________________________
letters
newspapers
This quote shows what a gamble the Gold Rush
was. A person had no way of knowing if they would be-
come rich or poor. The quote describes the desperate
lives of the miners and how no ones future was secure.
You have reached the end!!! Great Job!! Study hard!