1. WARM-UP (11/17/11)
What was the significance of the Battle of Gonzales?
Answer…
This battle showed that the Texans were becoming more defiant towards the Mexican Government, and more willing to use military force if necessary. FIRST ARMED CONFLICT OF THE TEXAS REVOLUTION!!!!!

2. The Conflict Escalates
MAIN IDEA: When Santa Anna gained control over the Mexican Government, he sent Mexican troops into Texas once again. His actions convinced many Texans that independence was the solution.

3. Mexican Troops Return to Texas
Texans supported Santa Anna at first because he claimed to support the original Mexican Constitution of 1824 (Strong state government)
Texans quickly realized that Santa Anna lied to them.
Mexico wrote a new Constitution and placed the power in Santa Anna’s hands.

4. The Battle of Gonzales Mexican Troops reached Gonzales
Texans refused to give up their cannon without written orders from Santa Anna.
Texans then buried the cannon and prepared for the soldiers return.
When Texans herd that Mexican troops were coming back, they dug up the cannon and prepared it for use against the Mexican soldiers.
Texans waived a banner at the Mexican troops.

5. The Army of the People
Other Texans heard about the battle of Gonzales.
Volunteers came to help Texans fight.
Texans headed toward San Antonio to drive the Mexican troops out of Texas.
A battle occurred at Goliad
Mexican troops surrendered after a brief fight.
“The Goliad showed that the Mexican army could be defeated easily.
Texans cut off a major supply route for the Mexican army at Goliad.

6. THE TEXAS REVOLUTION (February-May 1836)
CHAPTER 10
SECTION 1

7. MAIN IDEA
After the Texans’ victory at San Antonio, Santa Anna led his army into Texas. He fought the Texas defenders at the Alamo in the most famous battle in Texas history.

8. OBJECTIVES:
Explain the roles played by Santa Anna and Travis during the Battle of the Alamo.
Describe the events of the Battle of The Alamo.
Identify the significance of the year

9. REMEMBER THE ALAMO
Texans thought the centralist threat in Texas was over.
Santa Anna started North with a large army
Texas forces unorganized and scattered.
This would cost the Texans, the Battle of the Alamo.
The Alamo was the most famous military clash in Texas history.

10. WANTED: Volunteers to Fight!
Texans did not have enough soldiers to defend the Alamo.
Colonel James Bowie and William Barrett Travis agreed to a joint command.
Travis recruited soldiers to defend the Alamo
WANTED: Volunteers to Fight!

11. FALL OF THE ALAMO
For 13 days, Mexican cannon balls bombarded the Alamo.
1800 troops surrounded the Alamo.
Travis dies defending the Alamo.
Bowie was killed.
Only 90 minutes after the attack began- resistance had ceased.
Hundreds of Texan soldiers and Mexican soldiers lay dead.

12. Battle of the Alamo

13. The Alamo “Then and Now”
1849
2009

14. Why was the Alamo so difficult to defend?

15. Casualties and Survivors
Santa Anna released some survivors to tell other Texans about the destruction and horror they witnessed at the Alamo.
Their message was simple: Santa Anna is coming to drive the Texans out of Texas.

16. Identify Military Leader at the “Battle of the Alamo”.
MILITARY LEADERS
MEXICANS
TEXANS

17. What was the result of the Battle of the Alamo?
Warm-Up 11/17/09
What was the result of the Battle of the Alamo?
What were Santa Anna’s intentions after the Battle of the Alamo?

18. FRAYER MODEL VOCABULARY
Army of the People
Consultation
Constitutional Convention of 1836
Runaway Scrape
Massacre
Bombardment
Skirmish
Provisional Government
Siege
Garrison
Ad-interim government
James Fannin
Sam Houston
James Bowie
Davy Crockett
Ben Milam
Susanna Dickenson
Lorenzo de Zavala
Juan Seguin
James Bonham
George Childress
David. G. Burnet

19. PICTURE

20. Section 2 MAIN IDEA
The Texas Revolution intensified after the Battle of the Alamo. Mexican and Texan troops continued to clash as Santa Anna marched across Texas. The final battle occurred at San Jacinto, where Sam Houston and Santa Anna faced off.

21. Section 2 The Battle of San Jacinto
OBJECTIVES:
Explain the significance of Fannin’s surrender at Goliad.
Describe the contributions of Sam Houston to the Texas Revolution.
Explain the significance of the Battle of San Jacinto.
Identify the significance of the year 1836.

22. General Urrea Marches North
While Santa Anna battled the Texans at the Alamo, the other division of the Mexican army encountered several different armed groups nearer to the coast.
Urrea defeated about 50 Texans commanded by Colonel Francis Johnson.

23. Battle of Coleto
Fannin received orders from Sam Houston to retreat to Victoria.
Fannin stopped to rest his men and was quickly surrounded by Urrea’s troops.
Fannin surrendered his command after a brief exchange of fire.
The survivors were taken captive by the Mexican army

24. Remember Goliad
Most of the men taken captive by Urrea were recent immigrants from the United States.
Fannin signed an unconditional surrender, and Urrea told him that his troops would not be executed.
Santa Anna decided differently.
He ordered all the captives to be shot.

25. Sam Houston Assumes Command
Sam Houston has been named commander of the Texas Army by the first consultation.
Made a peace treaty with the Native Americans.
After the Battle of the Alamo, Texas troops wanted revenge.
Sam Houston tries to get his troops ready for battle by training for two weeks.
The troops grew restless and were ready to fight!!!!

26. Battle of the Texas Revolution (February- April 1836)

27. Runaway Scrape
The families living in the Gonzales area panicked when they learned of Santa Anna’s advance and Houston’s retreat.
Many settlers abandoned their homes and fled.
Their flight is known as the, “Runaway Scrape.”

28. Santa Anna Closes In
After the Battle of the Alamo, Santa Anna had regrouped his troops and set out in search of any remaining Texas forces.
Mexican troops in Texas were short on food and ammunition by April 1836.
When Santa Anna returned to the north on April 20, he found Houston’s army waiting.

29. Battle of San Jacinto
On April 20, a skirmish developed between the Mexican army and the Texan cavalry.
Houston’s troops outnumbered Santa Anna’s army.
Caught unprepared for an attack, Mexican leaders scrambled in confusion.
The battle lasted 18 minutes.
Texans suffered 9 deaths.
Mexicans suffered 630 deaths and 730 captured.
Sam Houston captured Santa Anna.

30. Warm-Up 11/30/11
What were the “Treaties of Velasco”? The Treaties of Velasco marked the end of the Texas Revolution and the beginning of the Republic of Texas.

31. SECTION 3 TEXAS GAINS INDEPENDENCE
OBJECTIVES:
Explain the significance of the Convention of 1836.
Identify the significance of the year 1836.

32. Section 3 MAIN IDEA
The Convention of 1836, held while the battles of the Texas Revolution were being fought, declared that Texas was independent of Mexico. The Treaties of Velasco marked the end of the Texas Revolution and the beginning of the Republic of Texas.

33. Time for a Decision
While one group of revolutionaries was fighting for Texas on the battlefield, another group was meeting to decide Texas’s fate.

34. This was the second meeting of the Consultation.
THE CONVENTION OF 1836
This was the second meeting of the Consultation.
The delegates declared Texas independent on March 2nd 1836.
Within two weeks they had written a constitution.

35. Texas’s Declaration of Independence
Committee headed be George Childress to write a Declaration of Independence.
The Declaration was modeled on the U.S. Declaration of Independence written by Thomas Jefferson in 1776.
Both Declarations have three main sections.

36. Texas Declaration of Independence cont…
First Section: The Right of Revolution
Second Sectio: Lists the grievances, or complaints, against the central government.
Third Section: Proclaims independence and pledges the support of all who sign the declaration.
* The Texas Declaration of Independence was adopted by the Consultation on March 2, 1836, by a unanimous vote.

37. Establishing a Government
The U.S. Constitution served as a model for the Texas Constitution.
The new nation became known as the REPUBLIC of TEXAS.
Because the outcome of the Texas Revolution was still in doubt, the delegates established an ad interim government until elections could be held.

38. The Treaties of Velasco
In the public treaty Santa Anna agreed never to fight against Texas again and to withdraw all Mexican troops from Texas.
The public treaty also provided for the exchange of all Mexican and Texan prisoners.
In the second treaty Santa Anna promised to work for Mexico’s recognition of Texas’s Independence and to establish the boundary between the nations at the Rio Grande.

39. Establishing the Republic
The first elected president of the Republic of Texas was Sam Houston.
Texans voted to seek immediate annexation to the United States.
Annexation: the act of adding or joining a territory to an existing one.

40. QUIZ YOU CAN USE YOUR NOTES !!!!
1) What important decisions were made at the Convention of 1836?
2) How did the events of 1836 affect Texas?

41. ANSWERS
1) (declare independence from Mexico, draft a new constitution, establish a new government, select interim officers for the new government).
2) (freed Texas from Mexican rule, established Texas as an independent country).

42. List the terms of the Treaties of Velasco
PUBLIC TREATY
SECRET TREATY