1. Why do we classify living organisms?

2. Classification Chapter 18

3. Classification System to organize all living creatures plants animals
microbes
etc.

4. Organizing the world of organsims
The Tree of Life
organize creatures by structure & function
how they are built
how they live
organize them into groups of closely related creatures

5. Carolus Linnaeus The Linnean system Homo sapiens proposed in 1700s
each species has a 2 part name
genus
species
Homo sapiens

6. Latin binomial 2 part scientific name
Genus — larger group to which organism belongs
always capitalized
species — specific name for that organism
always lowercase
example: Linnaeus named humans Homo sapiens
means “wise man” — perhaps in a show of hope & optimism

7. Genus groupings Classify organisms into broader groups
Species that are closely related are grouped into the same genus
Leopard Panthera pardus
African Lion Panthera leo
Tiger Panthera tigris

8. Classification
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
species

9. Orders & families

10. Organizing systems Making sense out of the differences
Eastern gray squirrel
Sciurus carolinensis

11. Why not use common names?
Misleading
starfish
dragonfly
Confusing
blue jay, blue coat, corn thief
dog, perro, chien
I swim, but I’m still a bird!

12. Why not use common names?
But they all have only one scientific name!
Pisaster ochraceus
Pyrrhosoma nymphula
Cyanocitta cristata