1. Organelles

2. Lysosomes Contains Digestive enzymes
(proteins that help break down food)

3. Mitochondrion
Powerhouse
Turns sugar into chemical energy (ATP)

4. Nucleus Control center (instructions for the cell)
Holds DNA which makes RNA which makes protein.

5. Water (Contractile) Vacuole
Expels (removes) Water/pump
Only in protists

6. Central Vacuole
Stores water – gives some cells structure. (plant and fungus cells)

7. Food Vacuoles Carries digestible material
Merges with lysosomes for digestion of food

8. Ribosomes
Makes proteins
Uses RNA of various types to make proteins.

9. Ribosomes

10. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Membrane holding Ribosomes
Also makes compartments in cell.

11. Golgi Body
Packages proteins

12. Chloroplast Creates sugar (through photosynthesis)
Contains chlorophyll in stacks of grana.
Captures sunlight, CO2, H2O and makes sugar!

13. Cell membrane Phospholipid bilayer (Door to cell)
Controls movement into and out of cell.

14. Cell wall Gives structure (shape and strength) to cell
Surrounds membrane for plant, bacteria, and fungi.

15. Cytoplasm
Liquid holding nutrients and organelles.

16. Peroxisome Changes Fats to sugar
Breaks down fats and turns them to sugar.

17. For the Test Know the previous 14 organelles function.
Be able to identify the starred organelles on the cells alive plant and animal pictures. (7 animal, 9 plant)
Know the types of cells that have the 14 organelles. (see organelle worksheet and/or graphic organizer for help with this). Slides follow

18. All 4 cells have Cytoplasm (all cells need water)
A membrane (cells will loose their materials with no “skin or door”.
Ribosomes (we must make protein)

19. Plant, animal, and protista all have
7 membrane bound structures
Nucleus (they are all eukaryotic)
Mitochondria (for energy)
Endoplasmic reticulum (to hold ribosomes)
Golgi body (to package proteins)
Lysosome (to digest food or dead cell parts)
Peroxisome (to turn fats to sugar)
Food vacuoles (stores nutrients)

20. Protista only
Water or contractile vacuole (plants and animal cells have either blood vessels or plant veins to take away extra water).

21. Plants only
Central vacuole

22. Plant and bacteria
Cell walls – although they are made out of different material in bacteria than plants (fungi also have cell walls)

23. Plants and protista
Chloroplasts (which contain chlorophyll)

24. Nuclear Info
What is the most important difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus to contain their DNA, prokaryotic cells do not (although they still have DNA)
Where is DNA housed in eukaryotes? What does DNA make?
DNA is stored in the nucleus and it makes RNA

25. RNA and proteins Where is RNA produced and what is it’s job?
RNA is produced in the nucleus
RNA’s job is to make proteins
Proteins are made on the ribosomes
Ribosomes can be either free floating or on the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

26. Cell rap

27. cellsalive.com

28. Cell videos