1. Eukaryotic Cell Structure & Function

2. Plant Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Plant Cell Section 7-2
Nuclear
envelope
Ribosome
(attached)
(free)
Smooth endoplasmic
reticulum
Nucleus
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Nucleolus
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondrion
Cell wall
Cell
Membrane
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Plant Cell

3. Animal Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells c d b a e k f g j i h
Section 7-2
Centrioles
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Nuclear
envelope
Rough
endoplasmic
reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Smooth
Mitochondrion
Cell
Membrane
Ribosome
(free)
(attached) c d b a e k f g j i h
Animal Cell

4. Function

5. The Cell Theory All living things are composed of cells
Cells are the basic units of structure & function in living things
New cells are produced from existing cells

6. Organelles & Cell Division
Cells are made of specialized structures known as organelles
Cell biologists divide cells into 2 parts
Nucleus
cytoplasm

7. Cell Membrane (both) Separates inside of cell from the outside
Phospholipid bilayer and proteins

8. Cytoplasm (both) Fluid part of the cell that is outside the nucleus
Houses the organelles

9. Nucleus (both) Control center Surrounded by nuclear envelope
2 membranes with pores
Allows for movement of information into & out of the nucleus
Visible material = chromatin
DNA bound to protein
Nucleolus – small dense region where ribosome assembly begins

10. Ribosomes (both)
Small particles of RNA & proteins found through out the cytoplasm
Proteins are made on the ribosomes
Follow coded instructions from the nucleus

11. Endoplasmic Reticulum (both)
Internal membrane system
lipid components of cell membrane are assembled
proteins & other materials are exported from the cells

12. Rough & Smooth ER (both)
Rough ER – involved in protein synthesis
b/c has ribosomes on surfaces
Smooth ER – has collections of enzymes performing specialized tasks
b/c NO ribosomes

13. Golgi Apparatus (both)
Looks like a stack of closely apposed membranes
Modify, sort & package proteins & other materials from ER
Proteins are shipped from here to their final destination

14. Lysosomes (both) Small organelles filled with enzymes
Gets rid or the “junk”
Digestion of:
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Breaks into small molecules to be used by cell
Break down old organelle

15. Vacuoles (both) A saclike structure A storage place for:
Water
Salts
Proteins
Carbohydrates
In plant cells: single, large, provides support b/c of pressure

16. Mitochondria (both) The power house
Convert chemical energy in food into compounds that are more convenient for cells
Enclosed by 2 membranes
Contains it own DNA molecules
Come from MOM

17. Chloroplasts (plant) Capture energy from sunlight
Convert it to chemical energy through photosynthesis
Surrounded by 2 membranes
Contains chlorophyll
Contains small DNA molecules

18. Cell Wall (plants only)
Made of cellulose
Provides support and structure
Surrounds the cell membrane

19. Cytoskeleton (both) A system of protein filaments structures
Provide supports & organization
Involved in movement
Microfilaments
Microtubules

20. Microfilaments Thread like structures made of actin Tough but flexible
Protein
Tough but flexible
Movement caused by assembly & disassembly of these structures
Allows for crawling such as amoebas

21. Microtubules Hollow structures made of tubulins Maintain shape
Proteins
Maintain shape
Important for cell division
Form centrioles -- help to organize cell division
Form projections – cilia & flagellum
Rapid swimming through liquids

22. Function

23. What additional structures are found in plant cells
What additional structures are found in plant cells? What are their functions?

24. What are prokaryotic cells?