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Human Body Review
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Smallest unit of an organism
Levels of Organization Section 7- 4 Muscle cell muscle tissue Organ Organ system Go to Section:
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Cells are organized into….
Levels of Organization Section 7- 4 Muscle cell muscle tissue Organ Organ system Go to Section:
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Tissues are organized into….
Levels of Organization Section 7- 4 Muscle cell muscle tissue Organ Organ system Go to Section:
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Organs are organized into….
Levels of Organization Section 7- 4 Muscle cell muscle tissue Organ Organ system Go to Section:
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Organs are organized into….
Levels of Organization Section 7- 4 Muscle cell muscle tissue Organ Organ system Go to Section:
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Figure 35-2 Human Organ Systems Part I
Which Organ System? Section 35-1 Function: Provides a stable internal environment and protects underlying tissues from pathogens and UV radiation, skin gets rid of waste
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Integumentary System Which Organ System?
Figure 35-2 Human Organ Systems Part I Which Organ System? Section 35-1 Integumentary System
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Which Body System? Function: Supports and protects the body, stores minerals & nutrients, produces red blood cells, works with the muscular system to produce movement
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Which Body System? Skeletal System
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Which Body System? Function: Breaks down food into smaller nutrients that can be absorbed and used by the body
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Which Body System? Digestive System
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Organs/Structures: Brain, Spinal Cord and the Nerves.
Which Organ System? Section 35-1 Organs/Structures: Brain, Spinal Cord and the Nerves.
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Figure 35-2 Human Organ Systems Part I
Section 35-1 The Nervous System
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Which Organ System? Organs / Structures: Adrenal gland, pituitary gland, thyroid glands and the pancreas
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Which Organ System? Endocrine System
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Which Body System? Organs/ Structures: Heart, blood and blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries)
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Which Body System? Cardiovascular or Circulatory System
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Which Body System? Organs / Structures: Thymus, spleen, tonsils and lymph nodes
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Which Body System? Lymphatic
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Which Body System? Organs / Structures: Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs and alveoli
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Which Body System? Respiratory System
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Which Body System? Organs / Structures: Biceps, triceps and tendons
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Which Body System? Muscular System
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Which Body System? Function: Filters and removes waste form the blood
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Which Body System? Excretory or Urinary System
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Which Type of Tissue? ______________ Tissue – cells pack tightly together and cover and protect underlying tissue
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Which Type of Tissue? Epithelial Tissue – cells pack tightly together and cover and protect underlying tissue
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3 Types of Joints Allow bones to rotate and move freely in all directions. Bones in the hands Hip or shoulder The elbow
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3 Types of Joints Ball-and-socket joints
Allow bones to rotate and move freely in all directions. Bones in the hands Hip or shoulder The elbow
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Which Type of Tissue? ________________Tissue – contracts and relaxes for movement
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Which Type of Tissue? Muscle Tissue – contracts and relaxes for movement
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Appendicular Skeleton
Where is the Clavicle? Section 36-1 Skull 5 Ribs Vertebral column Axial Skeleton Appendicular Skeleton Metatarsals Metacarpals Phalanges 1 Scapula Humerus Radius Pelvis Ulna Carpals 2 Patella 3 4 Tarsals
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Appendicular Skeleton
Where is the Clavicle? Section 36-1 Skull 5 Ribs Vertebral column Axial Skeleton Appendicular Skeleton Metatarsals Metacarpals Phalanges Clavicle Scapula Humerus Radius Pelvis Ulna Carpals 2 Patella 3 4 Tarsals
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Appendicular Skeleton
Where is the Femur? Section 36-1 Skull 5 Ribs Vertebral column Axial Skeleton Appendicular Skeleton Metatarsals Metacarpals Phalanges 1 Scapula Humerus Radius Pelvis Ulna Carpals 2 Patella 3 4 Tarsals
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Appendicular Skeleton
Where is the Femur? Section 36-1 Skull 5 Ribs Vertebral column Axial Skeleton Appendicular Skeleton Metatarsals Metacarpals Phalanges 1 Scapula Humerus Radius Pelvis Ulna Carpals Femur Patella 3 4 Tarsals
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Which Type of Tissue? ________________ Tissue – joins, supports, protects, and nourishes organs
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Which Type of Tissue? Connective Tissue – joins, supports, protects, and nourishes organs
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3 Types of Joints allow bones to glide over one another.
Bones in the hands Hip or shoulder The elbow
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3 Types of Joints Gliding joints allow bones to glide over one another. Bones in the hands Hip or shoulder The elbow
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Types of Joints acts like a hinge of a door and allows movement in one direction Bones in the hands Hip or shoulder The elbow
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Types of Joints Hinge joints acts like a hinge of a door and allows movement in one direction Bones in the hands Hip or shoulder The elbow
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Where is the Bicep? 1 2 Figure 36-11 Opposing Muscle Pairs
Section 36-2 1 2
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Where is the Bicep? Bicep 2 Figure 36-11 Opposing Muscle Pairs
Section 36-2 Bicep 2
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Esophagus? 6 1 7 2 3 8 9 10 4 5 11
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Esophagus? 6 1 Esophagus 2 3 8 9 10 4 5 11
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Liver? 6 1 7 2 3 8 9 10 4 5 11
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Liver? 6 1 7 Liver 3 8 9 10 4 5 11
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Pancreas? 6 1 7 2 3 8 9 10 4 5 11
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Pancreas? 6 1 7 2 3 8 Pancreas 10 4 5 11
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Small Intestine? 6 1 7 2 3 8 9 10 4 5 11
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Small Intestine? 6 1 7 2 3 8 9 Small Intestine 10 5 11
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Gall Bladder? 6 1 7 2 3 8 9 10 4 5 11
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Gall Bladder? 6 1 7 2 Gall Bladder 8 9 10 4 5 11
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Salivary Glands? 6 1 7 2 3 8 9 10 4 5 11
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Salivary Glands? Salivary Glands 1 7 2 8 3 9 10 4 5 11
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Stomach? 6 1 7 2 8 3 9 10 4 5 11
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Stomach? 6 1 7 2 Stomach 3 9 10 4 5 11
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Which Type of Tissue? ________________Tissue – sends electrical signals throughout the body.
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Which Type of Tissue? Nervous Tissue – sends electrical signals throughout the body.
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Where are the nasal sinuses?
1 2 4 3 5
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Where are the nasal sinuses?
2 4 3 5
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Where are the alveoli? 1 2 4 3 5
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Where are the alveoli? 1 2 4 3
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Where is the trachea? 1 2 4 3 5
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Where is the trachea? 1 2 4 5
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Where is the larynx? 1 2 4 3 5
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Where is the larynx? 1 2 3 5
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Figure 35-2 Human Organ Systems Part I
Which Organ System? Section 35-1 Function: Gathers information from the body’s environment and coordinates the body’s reactions to it, sends electrical signals
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Figure 35-2 Human Organ Systems Part I
Section 35-1 The Nervous System
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Organs/Structures: Skin, Hair, and Nails Which Organ System?
Figure 35-2 Human Organ Systems Part I Which Organ System? Section 35-1 Organs/Structures: Skin, Hair, and Nails
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Integumentary System Which Organ System?
Figure 35-2 Human Organ Systems Part I Which Organ System? Section 35-1 Integumentary System
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Which Organ System? Function: Controls long term body processes like body fluid balance, growth and sexual development by producing hormones
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Which Organ System? Endocrine System
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Which Body System? Organs / Structures: Femur, clavicle, and ribs:
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Which Body System? Skeletal System
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Which Body System? Function: Transport blood (which carries oxygen and food for the cells) throughout the body
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Which Body System? Cardiovascular or Circulatory System
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Which Body System? Function: Collects extra fluid and returns it to the blood, it also helps with filtering out germs that can hurt you
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Which Body System? Lymphatic
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Which Body System? Organs / Structures: Mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, rectum and anus. Accessory organs include: liver, pancreas and gallbladder
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Which Body System? Digestive System
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Which Body System? Function: Takes in oxygen and expels carbon dioxide
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Which Body System? Respiratory System
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Which Body System? Function: Provides movement for the skeleton
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Which Body System? Muscular System
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Which Body System? Organs / Structures: Kidneys, ureters, urethra, bladder and nephrons
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Which Body System? Excretory or Urinary System
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Where is the Jugular Vein?
2 1
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Where is the Jugular Vein?
2
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What is # 2? 2
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What is # 2?
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Which one takes blood TO the brain?
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Which one takes blood TO the brain?
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Which one is the Spinal Cord?
1 2 3
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Which one is the Spinal Cord?
1 3
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What are the cells called that make up the nervous system?
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What are the cells called that make up the nervous system?
Neurons!
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Neurons are eukaryotic cells. What is # 1?
2 3 1 Neurons are eukaryotic cells. What is # 1?
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Neurons are eukaryotic cells. What is # 1?
2 3 Nucleus Neurons are eukaryotic cells. What is # 1?
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Neurons send signals to other neurons along axons. Which is an axon?
2 3 Nucleus Neurons send signals to other neurons along axons. Which is an axon?
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Neurons send signals to other neurons along axons. Which is an axon?
3 Nucleus Neurons send signals to other neurons along axons. Which is an axon?
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Neurons receive signals at # 3. What is # 3 called?
Axon 3 Nucleus Neurons receive signals at # 3. What is # 3 called?
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Neurons receive signals at # 3. What is # 3 called?
Axon Dendrite Nucleus Neurons receive signals at # 3. What is # 3 called?
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Where is the Pituitary?
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Where is the Pituitary? Pituitary
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Where are the Adrenal Glands?
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Where are the Adrenal Glands?
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Where is the Thymus?
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Where is the Thymus? Thymus
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Where is the Thyroid?
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Where is the Thyroid? Thyroid
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Where is the bladder? 1 2
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Where is the bladder? 1 Bladder
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Where are the kidneys? 1 2
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Where are the kidneys? Kidneys 2
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Where are the function of the kidneys?
2
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Where are the function of the kidneys?
Kidneys – filter harmful wastes from the blood 2
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Where are the lymph nodes?
2 3 1 4 5
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Where are the lymph nodes?
2 3 1 4 5
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Where is the spleen? 2 3 1 4 5
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Where is the spleen? #4 - spleen 2 3 1 4 5
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Where is the thymus? 2 3 1 4 5
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Where is the thymus? # 3 - Thymus 2 3 1 4 5
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Mixes, squeezes and adds digestive enzymes to food to create chyme
Which Organ? Mixes, squeezes and adds digestive enzymes to food to create chyme
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Mixes, squeezes and adds digestive enzymes to food to create chyme
Stomach Mixes, squeezes and adds digestive enzymes to food to create chyme
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Which Organ? Place in the digestive system that is the major site of chemical digestion; where nutrients leave the digestive system and enter the circulatory system.
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Small Intestine Place in the digestive system that is the major site of chemical digestion; where nutrients leave the digestive system and enter the circulatory system.
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Contracts and relaxes to provide movement for the arm
Which Organ? Contracts and relaxes to provide movement for the arm
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Contracts and relaxes to provide movement for the arm
Bicep & Tricep Contracts and relaxes to provide movement for the arm
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Which Organ? Is the longest bone in the body. Creates red blood cells, stores minerals and fats, works with the muscular system to provide movement, and provides protection and support
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Femur Is the longest bone in the body. Creates red blood cells, stores minerals and fats, works with the muscular system to provide movement, and provides protection and support
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Filters harmful substances like urea and salts from the blood
Which Organ? Filters harmful substances like urea and salts from the blood
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Filters harmful substances like urea and salts from the blood
Kidneys Filters harmful substances like urea and salts from the blood
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Which Organ? Controls all of the other glands of the endocrine system (is the “King”) and stimulates skeletal growth
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Pituitary Controls all of the other glands of the endocrine system (is the “King”) and stimulates skeletal growth
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Which Organ? Creates insulin which helps regulate the amount of sugar in the blood; also creates juices that neutralize the acid in chyme
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Pancreas Creates insulin which helps regulate the amount of sugar in the blood; also creates juices that neutralize the acid in chyme
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Which Organ? Made of cardiac muscle that never becomes fatigued or tired; pumps blood throughout the body
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Heart Made of cardiac muscle that never becomes fatigued or tired; pumps blood throughout the body
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Which Organ? Major organ of the respiratory system; exchanges oxygen for carbon dioxide
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Lungs Major organ of the respiratory system; exchanges oxygen for carbon dioxide
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Which Organ? Air sacs within the lungs that are surrounded by capillaries; place where carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged.
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Alveoli Air sacs within the lungs that are surrounded by capillaries; place where carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged.
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Which Organ? Muscle below the lungs that contracts and relaxes to push and pull air in and out of the lungs
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Diaphragm Muscle below the lungs that contracts and relaxes to push and pull air in and out of the lungs
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Which Organ? Organs of the lymphatic system that filter dead cells and harmful pathogens like bacteria and viruses from the body
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Lymph Nodes Organs of the lymphatic system that filter dead cells and harmful pathogens like bacteria and viruses from the body
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Which Organ? Protect the lungs and the heart, provide support, produce red blood cells; store minerals and fats
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Ribs Protect the lungs and the heart, provide support, produce red blood cells; store minerals and fats
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Stores urine until it is eliminated from the body
Which Organ? Stores urine until it is eliminated from the body
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Stores urine until it is eliminated from the body
Bladder Stores urine until it is eliminated from the body
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Which Organ? Removes water from undigested food and returns it to the body; stores and eliminates solid waste
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Large Intestine Removes water from undigested food and returns it to the body; stores and eliminates solid waste
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Which Organ? Protects underlying tissues from the sun’s UV radiation, regulates body temperature, gets rid of wastes
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Skin Protects underlying tissues from the sun’s UV radiation, regulates body temperature, gets rid of wastes
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Which Organ? Transmits electrical signals between the brain and the rest of the body
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Spinal Cord Transmits electrical signals between the brain and the rest of the body
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Which Organ? Creates bile which is used to break down fats; breaks down drugs and other substances for the body
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Liver Creates bile which is used to break down fats; breaks down drugs and other substances for the body
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Which Organ? Center of the central nervous system; controls the body, emotions, and thinking
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Brain Center of the central nervous system; controls the body, emotions, and thinking
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Which Organ? Regulates the metabolism of the body or the rate at which the body uses energy
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Thyroid Regulates the metabolism of the body or the rate at which the body uses energy
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Defend the body against infection, produces antibodies
Which Organ? Defend the body against infection, produces antibodies
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Defend the body against infection
Tonsils Defend the body against infection
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All Living things are made up of one or more…
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CELLS!!
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?
Regulate Temperature Protection against Pathogens Sensory input Mineral Storage
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D) Mineral Storage
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Which of the following is a primary function of the skeletal system?
Protection of internal organs Sensory input Circulation of nutrients to the cells To get rid of harmful wastes
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Protection of internal organs
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Which of the following organs does not belong with the rest?
Esophagus Stomach Large intestines Trachea
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D) Trachea
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Which organ system’s main function is to break down food into the nutrients needed to be absorbed into the blood? A) Circulatory System B) Digestive System C) Integumentary System D) Nervous System
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B) Digestive System
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Which organ of the digestive system is responsible for producing bile that breaks down fats in the small intestines? Pancreas Liver Gall Bladder Stomach
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B) Liver
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Which of the follow does not belong with the rest?
Alveoli Heart Vessels Blood
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A) Alveoli
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This is the muscle found under the lungs that contracts and relaxes to push air in and out of the lungs. A) Alveoli B) Bicep C) Diaphragm D) Tricep
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C) Diaphragm
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Place inside the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged and is surrounded by capillaries A) Bronchioles B) Trachea C) Alveoli D) Arteries
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C) Alveoli
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Two major organs of the nervous system
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BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD
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Nerve Cells that transmit signals are called…
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Neurons
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