1. How did you become King then?
HIST 1016
8/27/14

2. What is a king? (clockwise) King Tut, King Carl XVI Gustaf and
Queen Silvia of Sweden, the King of Rock ‘n Roll,
and the Burger King

3. What makes a monarchy different?
US President Barack Obama, Chinese President Xi Jinping, Iranian Supreme Leader Ali
Khamenei, and British Prime Minister David Cameron

4. The Present and the Past

5. Sovereignty Supreme authority within a territory Embodied in a state
Territoriality – membership defined by residence within borders
Trumps kinship, religion, tribe, feudal ties, etc.

7. Sovereignty Supreme authority The state does not share authority
State authority trumps other authorities
Supremacy Clause: US Constitution, Article Six, Clause 2
“This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof; and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the judges in every state shall be bound thereby, anything in the constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding.”

8. The King’s Two Bodies corpus naturale vs. corpus mysticum
Collective social
organizations have an
enduring essence
A king has a mortal body…
and a enduring,
supernatural body.

9. The King’s Two Bodies Today

10. The King’s Two Bodies Today

11. Sovereignty in the Medieval World
Is there supreme authority?
Kinship circles
“Feudal” ties
The church and other alternative authorities
Tribes
All people are responsible to multiple authorities.
Patchwork of sovereignties

12. The Feudal System

13. Sovereignty in the Medieval World
Is there territoriality?
Are identity and rights defined by residence?
Is sovereignty determined by boundaries?
Do states with boundaries even exist?
Citizens vs. subjects
The right to command and the right to be obeyed vs. coercive power

14. The Frankish Empire (481-814)

15. The Frankish Empire after Charlemagne

16. Sovereignty in the Medieval World
The holder of sovereignty
Single individual or close circle
Constitution or legal system
The absoluteness of sovereignty
Are sovereigns bound by laws or are they above the law?
Are these laws natural, divine, or man made?
The right to command and the right to be obeyed vs. coercive power

17. Sovereignty in the Medieval World
Internal dimensions of sovereignty
Supreme authority within boundaries
External dimensions of sovereignty
Are outsiders able to interfere within boundaries?

18. Investiture Controversy
11th-12th century rivalry between
Popes and Holy Roman Emperors
Who has the right to appoint
clergy and govern church
property?
Popes appoint kings who
appoint clergy who appoint
popes…
Popes may excommunicate
king
Pope Gregory VII (r ):
Assert church authority

19. Peace of Westphalia Thirty Years War (1618-1648) Eighty Years War
War between states of the
Holy Roman Empire
Catholics vs. Protestants
French Bourbons vs.
Habsburgs
Eighty Years War
( )
Dutch War of Independence
Illegal to interfere within a
foreign state

20. Who Can Claim Authority?
What is the basis for authority?
Hereditary
Kratocracy - rule by the strong
Constitutional
Federal, elective, or democratic
Can you challenge authority?
Colonies declaring independence
Popular uprising
Theocracies against secular rule

21. Questions to Take From Here
Who has authority? Who is sovereign?
What kind of authority do they have?
Supreme or shared/contested?
Territorial or limited by effective reach?
Absolute or limited?
What is the basis of their authority?
Hereditary/traditional?
Constitutional/legal?