1. A New Technology for Video Surveillance Cameron Serles
Privacy AND Security
A New Technology for Video Surveillance
Cameron Serles

2. Agenda Video Surveillance Surveillance Vs. Privacy How and Why Privacy
A Privacy Enabling Technology
Conclusion

3. Video Surveillance is On the Rise
Public Safety (Public and Private Surveillance)
Corporate Data Security (Employee Monitoring)
Marketing / Network Monitoring (Analytics)
Device Location Tracking
Customer Service Transactions
Customer Profiling (Marketing)
Access Control / Security (Biometrics)
Public and Private Spaces, including open areas (such as streets, parks, open air venues) and enclosed facilities (such as malls, office towers, airports, train stations, subway platforms, buses and trains, court houses, etc.) are areas that various law enforcement agencies or facility managers would like put under video surveillance.

4. Why Worry About Privacy?
“The Era of Ubiquitous Data Availability is Clearly Upon Us, and If Privacy is to Survive, then We must Change the Paradigm to Adapt to this Ever-Changing Environment”
Dr. Ann Cavoukian, Privacy Commissioner of Ontario

5. Privacy – a Positive Sum Solution
Prevailing View (Zero Sum)
Privacy is Regarded as an Impediment to Innovation, Desired Goals
New Approach (Positive Sum)
Privacy Measures are Added to Surveillance Systems to not Weaken Functionality, but to Enhance the Overall Design.
Source: Cavoukian, Ann Privacy by Design

6. Surveillance Vs. Privacy
Many Jurisdictions Have Implemented Privacy Laws, e.g. Ontario
Privacy Traditionally Viewed as Obstacle to Surveillance
Restrictive to Law Enforcement
Required Notification of Subjects
Restricted Placement

7. The Need for Privacy General Population Governments
Aware of Being Videoed
Growing Unease about Privacy
Governments
Getting More Involved
Privacy Commissioners Established
The problem however, is that the general population is concerned about violations of their privacy
Not only would some people object to having their face being in a video, there is the potential, with video cameras equipped with tilt/pan/zoom controls, for operators of video surveillance equipment to obtain inappropriate images of the general public.

8. How to Achieve Privacy? Privacy-Enhancing Technologies
Proactively Build it into the Model
Minimize Unnecessary Collection of Data
Strengthen Data Security
Empower Individuals to Exercise Control over their Own Information
Privacy-Enhancing Technologies

9. Benefits of Implementing Privacy-Enhancing Techniques
Minimizes Unnecessary Disclosure
Empowers Individuals to Manage Own Data
Enhances Security of Data
Helps Promote Widespread Adoption of Technology

10. How to Implement in Video?
Need to Address the Valid Concerns of the Public When Their Face or Identity is Recorded:
What is the Purpose of Recording?
What is the Recourse in the Event of Misuse?

11. The Solution: Privacy Protected Surveillance
Step 1: Visual objects (e.g. Faces) are Detected and Tracked

12. The Solution: Privacy Protected Surveillance
Step 2: Visual objects (e.g. Faces) are Removed from the Video

13. The Solution: Privacy Protected Surveillance
Step 3: Removed Content Encrypted into a Separate Video Frame

14. The Solution: Privacy Protected Surveillance
Step 4: “Faceless” Video Can Then be Displayed, Recorded, Transmitted

15. The Solution: Privacy Protected Surveillance
Step 5: Allow “Empowered” Authority to Reverse Process, Restore Faces with Key

16. The Process For Video Privacy Encryption
Raw Images From Camera
Images with ID Removed
Images to be Restored
Software or Hardware “Key”
Restored Video

17. Face Detection and Tracking
Video Clip Example #1
Face Detection and Tracking

19. Object Removal and Encryption
Video Clip Example #2
Object Removal and Encryption

21. Object De-Encoding with Passcode
Video Clip Example #3
Object De-Encoding with Passcode

23. Objects Suitable for Removal
Face Identity
Full Body Identity
License Plates
Commercial Signs

24. Benefits of Such an Approach
Shape And/Or Content Can be Encrypted
Rest of Image is Still Visible to Viewer
Video Can Still be Monitored for Unauthorized Activity
If Legitimate Reason Exists to De-Encode Content, Empowered Person can Reverse Process on a Remote Device

25. Project Timetable
Concept for Encryption/De-Encryption Technology Developed at University of Toronto
Technology Being Commercialized, with Beta Version Due Out in 2010
Initial Customer Launch Early 2011

26. Target System Configuration
IC or Circuit Board with Encryption Algorithm, Integrated into Camera
Secondary Processor, e.g. PC, for De-Encoding

27. Conclusion Video Surveillance Continues to Grow
Privacy Becoming a Necessity in Surveillance Activities
Governments Are Motivated to Ensure the Public’s Privacy
Privacy-Enabling Technologies Being Developed to Ensure Privacy in Surveillance Video