1. Agenda item 3.3
Manual on Codes

2. Key issues – Doc 3.3(1),(2),(3) Model-driven data exchange standard
WIGOS metadata
Aviation – Amd 78
Hydrology
Table Driven Code Forms
Experimental use of GRIB Edition 3
Remove GRIB 1
Confirm importance of migration to TDCF
Cease development of Traditional Alphanumeric Code
Key issues in the documents
Table Driven Code Forms
New edition of GRIB (Edition 3) – permit for experimental use
Migration to Table Driven Code Forms
Confirm that reports must follow the B/C regulations
Cease development of Traditional Alphanumeric Code Forms

3. Representations derived from models
Built on joint ISO / OGC standards
METCE, Meteorological profile of O&M
TimeSeriesML
produced by extracting functionality of WaterML to represent time series
WaterML, Data representation for hydrological information
WMDR, data representation to support exchange of WIGOS metadata
IWXXM, Data representation for information in support to air navigation
ISO GML
ISO – O & M
METCE
IWXXM
WMDR
WaterML
TimeSeriesML
COLLECT
Representations derived from models
At present used to create data representations in XML (eXtensible Mark-up Language). These are built on joint ISO /Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards ISO and WaterML2 was developed by OGC and CHy, and TimeSeriesML was produced by OGC and IPET-MDRD to extract functionality of WaterML2 that is needed for other meteorological applications. METCE is being updated to facilitate representation of WIGOS metadata.
IWXXM supports exchange of information in support of international civil air navigation
ICAO Annex 3 (WMO-No 49 Vol II) was updated by Amendment 78 to permit from 1 November XML exchange of:
AIRMET
Advisories
Volcanic Ash Advisory
Tropical Cyclone Advisory
IWXXM 2.0 permits these to be represented. It also removes the “SAF” component of IWXXM that has been used to provide information that is now available through the AIXM component used for other aspects of international civil air navigation.
The contents of Amendment 78 were agreed in March 2016 with implementation data of 1 November 2016.
Amendments to IWXXM were developed and then made available for public review in July This allowed very little time for users to test the proposals.
WMDR is the data representation that has been developed to support exchange of WIGOS (observation) metadata in XML, and is intended to be the main mechanism for machine-to-machine transfer to OSCAR/Surface. There is no approved representation for the exchange of WIGOS metadata. The tables supporting WIGOS metadata need to be updated and expanded to provide a richer vocabulary for describing observations and observation sites. These tables are being moved from the Manual on WIGOS to the Manual on Codes as well as being changed.
WaterML2 has been developed by the Open Geospatial Consortium in cooperation with the Commission for Hydrology (CHy). CHy will also be discussing this proposal, and in particular will decide whether to adopt both Part 1 and Part 2, or just Part 1. CBS is being asked to recommend that those components agreed by CHy should be introduced into the Manual on Codes.

4. Issues for representations derived from models
Civil air navigation and WIGOS metadata users need standards for exchange of information in XML now
Both standards have been developed using peer review, but neither has been available long enough for testing in a wide range of user applications
Adopting a standard now is likely to mean an update has to be developed within two years
2 options :
Preliminary operational use and include in Manual after changes
Include “In Manual” before use and amend if needed
Alternative approaches to creating Standard
Both international civil air navigation and WIGOS metadata users need standards for exchange of information in XML now. Both standards have been developed using peer review, but neither has been available long enough for testing in a wide range of user applications.
This gives conflicting demands:
Something is needed now but creating a standard now is likely to mean an update has to be developed within two years.
An alternative to publishing and fully endorsing the standard now is to publish it informally with the recommendation that it is used for preliminary operational use. This allows users to proceed if they need to, but warns that changes may be made before the standard is published formally.
Allowing further time for testing raises the following risks:
Users may not commit to developing application software until the standard is published formally – so the testing period provides no additional information or quality assurance;
Changes resulting from the testing period will need a formal approval mechanism that needs to be defined:
Is CBS willing to allow its Management Group to endorse proposals for change? Or will a vote by correspondence be needed?
A testing period would mean adoption of the standard by EC in June 2018 at the earliest.
The CBS session is not the right forum to modify the detailed specifications within the standards, but it is the right forum to decide on the time scale and method for transitioning to the new standards.

5. Representations derived from models
ICAO Annex 3 Amendment 78 to permit from 1 November XML exchange of
METAR, SPECI, TAF, SIGMET, AIRMET
Advisories (Volcanic Ash, Tropical Cyclone)
IWXXM 2.0
Amendments to IWXXM were developed and then made available for public review in August 2016
TT-AvXML has assessed feedback from software developers
Minor issues with IWXXM 2.0RC2 can be addressed in time for EC-69 and full recommendation to EC-69 is feasible
Amendments to METCE and COLLECT
Representations derived from models
At present used to create data representations in XML (eXtensible Mark-up Language). These are built on joint ISO /Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards ISO and WaterML2 was developed by OGC and CHy, and TimeSeriesML was produced by OGC and IPET-MDRD to extract functionality of WaterML2 that is needed for other meteorological applications. METCE is being updated to facilitate representation of WIGOS metadata.
IWXXM supports exchange of information in support of international civil air navigation
ICAO Annex 3 (WMO-No 49 Vol II) was updated by Amendment 78 to permit from 1 November XML exchange of:
AIRMET
Advisories
Volcanic Ash Advisory
Tropical Cyclone Advisory
IWXXM 2.0 permits these to be represented. It also removes the “SAF” component of IWXXM that has been used to provide information that is now available through the AIXM component used for other aspects of international civil air navigation.
The contents of Amendment 78 were agreed in March 2016 with implementation data of 1 November 2016.
Amendments to IWXXM were developed and then made available for public review in July This allowed very little time for users to test the proposals.
WMDR is the data representation that has been developed to support exchange of WIGOS (observation) metadata in XML, and is intended to be the main mechanism for machine-to-machine transfer to OSCAR/Surface. There is no approved representation for the exchange of WIGOS metadata. The tables supporting WIGOS metadata need to be updated and expanded to provide a richer vocabulary for describing observations and observation sites. These tables are being moved from the Manual on WIGOS to the Manual on Codes as well as being changed.
WaterML2 has been developed by the Open Geospatial Consortium in cooperation with the Commission for Hydrology (CHy). CHy will also be discussing this proposal, and in particular will decide whether to adopt both Part 1 and Part 2, or just Part 1. CBS is being asked to recommend that those components agreed by CHy should be introduced into the Manual on Codes.

6. Representations derived from models
Experimental use of XML data representation for WIGOS metadata
exchange of WIGOS metadata between Members and between Members and OSCAR/surface
Get feedback on the effectiveness of the WIGOS Metadata Data Representation in XML and to provide a revised version for future inclusion in the Manual on Codes
Amendments to METCE to facilitate representation of WIGOS metadata and COLLECT
Representations derived from models
At present used to create data representations in XML (eXtensible Mark-up Language). These are built on joint ISO /Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards ISO and WaterML2 was developed by OGC and CHy, and TimeSeriesML was produced by OGC and IPET-MDRD to extract functionality of WaterML2 that is needed for other meteorological applications. METCE is being updated to facilitate representation of WIGOS metadata.
IWXXM supports exchange of information in support of international civil air navigation
ICAO Annex 3 (WMO-No 49 Vol II) was updated by Amendment 78 to permit from 1 November XML exchange of:
AIRMET
Advisories
Volcanic Ash Advisory
Tropical Cyclone Advisory
IWXXM 2.0 permits these to be represented. It also removes the “SAF” component of IWXXM that has been used to provide information that is now available through the AIXM component used for other aspects of international civil air navigation.
The contents of Amendment 78 were agreed in March 2016 with implementation data of 1 November 2016.
Amendments to IWXXM were developed and then made available for public review in July This allowed very little time for users to test the proposals.
WMDR is the data representation that has been developed to support exchange of WIGOS (observation) metadata in XML, and is intended to be the main mechanism for machine-to-machine transfer to OSCAR/Surface. There is no approved representation for the exchange of WIGOS metadata. The tables supporting WIGOS metadata need to be updated and expanded to provide a richer vocabulary for describing observations and observation sites. These tables are being moved from the Manual on WIGOS to the Manual on Codes as well as being changed.
WaterML2 has been developed by the Open Geospatial Consortium in cooperation with the Commission for Hydrology (CHy). CHy will also be discussing this proposal, and in particular will decide whether to adopt both Part 1 and Part 2, or just Part 1. CBS is being asked to recommend that those components agreed by CHy should be introduced into the Manual on Codes.

7. Representations derived from models
WaterML2
Developed by the Open Geospatial Consortium in cooperation with the Commission for Hydrology
Chy wish to standardize use of WaterML2 by including it in the Manual on Codes
CHy will also be discussing this proposal at next CHy-15
CBS is being asked to recommend that those components agreed by CHy should be introduced into the Manual on Codes
Representations derived from models
At present used to create data representations in XML (eXtensible Mark-up Language). These are built on joint ISO /Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards ISO and WaterML2 was developed by OGC and CHy, and TimeSeriesML was produced by OGC and IPET-MDRD to extract functionality of WaterML2 that is needed for other meteorological applications. METCE is being updated to facilitate representation of WIGOS metadata.
IWXXM supports exchange of information in support of international civil air navigation
ICAO Annex 3 (WMO-No 49 Vol II) was updated by Amendment 78 to permit from 1 November XML exchange of:
AIRMET
Advisories
Volcanic Ash Advisory
Tropical Cyclone Advisory
IWXXM 2.0 permits these to be represented. It also removes the “SAF” component of IWXXM that has been used to provide information that is now available through the AIXM component used for other aspects of international civil air navigation.
The contents of Amendment 78 were agreed in March 2016 with implementation data of 1 November 2016.
Amendments to IWXXM were developed and then made available for public review in July This allowed very little time for users to test the proposals.
WMDR is the data representation that has been developed to support exchange of WIGOS (observation) metadata in XML, and is intended to be the main mechanism for machine-to-machine transfer to OSCAR/Surface. There is no approved representation for the exchange of WIGOS metadata. The tables supporting WIGOS metadata need to be updated and expanded to provide a richer vocabulary for describing observations and observation sites. These tables are being moved from the Manual on WIGOS to the Manual on Codes as well as being changed.
WaterML2 has been developed by the Open Geospatial Consortium in cooperation with the Commission for Hydrology (CHy). CHy will also be discussing this proposal, and in particular will decide whether to adopt both Part 1 and Part 2, or just Part 1. CBS is being asked to recommend that those components agreed by CHy should be introduced into the Manual on Codes.

8. Table Driven Code Forms
GRIB Edition 3 - experimental use
BUFR – reports compliant with B/C regulations
Obligation to include within a single upper-air report the complete ascent up to the maximum height being reported
Migration to TDCF
needed to ensure continued availability of observations
Cease development of Traditional Alphanumeric Code
GRIB 3 motivation
Interoperability with other communities
1. Harmonization
ISO19156: Observations and Measurement is introduced, which was unavailable when the previous edition was adopted in 2001 and will contribute to interoperability with other communities.
2. Unambiguity
Unique terms are used to define components of GRIB3, which facilitates mapping to standards by other communities.
3. Flexibility
Template architecture is introduced in all sections except for the first and the last sections to ensure flexibility, which enables each centre and community also to develop own data sub-structures.
Technical advance
4. Functional enhancement
Some functions are enhanced or developed for efficient data processing and ensuring flexibility, such as:
a) Metadata and Repetitions and index section
Metadata are classified and assembled in dedicated sections, such as time, horizontal and vertical domain sections.
Repetitions and index section (section 2) together with Index template 2.x (optional) provides an efficient way to access data and metadata, in particular, in a multi-field GRIB3 message without decoding the full message.
b) Capability of multiple bitmap
Overlay template 9.x can define multiple bitmap to represent, for example, different types of missing data, such as those by instrument error, no records and not applicable.
c) Capability of different units
Observable property templates 7.x allow to use a different unit from that defined in code table 7.3.
Applicability
5. GRIB3 is advantageous to complex products, such as multi-field products composed of each member of ensemble forecasts, which cannot be represented efficiently or may be impossible in GRIB previous editions.

9. WIGOS metadata table The tables supporting WIGOS metadata need to be
moved from the Manual on WIGOS to the Manual on Codes
updated and expanded to provide a richer vocabulary for describing observations and observation sites
Representations derived from models
At present used to create data representations in XML (eXtensible Mark-up Language). These are built on joint ISO /Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards ISO and WaterML2 was developed by OGC and CHy, and TimeSeriesML was produced by OGC and IPET-MDRD to extract functionality of WaterML2 that is needed for other meteorological applications. METCE is being updated to facilitate representation of WIGOS metadata.
IWXXM supports exchange of information in support of international civil air navigation
ICAO Annex 3 (WMO-No 49 Vol II) was updated by Amendment 78 to permit from 1 November XML exchange of:
AIRMET
Advisories
Volcanic Ash Advisory
Tropical Cyclone Advisory
IWXXM 2.0 permits these to be represented. It also removes the “SAF” component of IWXXM that has been used to provide information that is now available through the AIXM component used for other aspects of international civil air navigation.
The contents of Amendment 78 were agreed in March 2016 with implementation data of 1 November 2016.
Amendments to IWXXM were developed and then made available for public review in July This allowed very little time for users to test the proposals.
WMDR is the data representation that has been developed to support exchange of WIGOS (observation) metadata in XML, and is intended to be the main mechanism for machine-to-machine transfer to OSCAR/Surface. There is no approved representation for the exchange of WIGOS metadata. The tables supporting WIGOS metadata need to be updated and expanded to provide a richer vocabulary for describing observations and observation sites. These tables are being moved from the Manual on WIGOS to the Manual on Codes as well as being changed.
WaterML2 has been developed by the Open Geospatial Consortium in cooperation with the Commission for Hydrology (CHy). CHy will also be discussing this proposal, and in particular will decide whether to adopt both Part 1 and Part 2, or just Part 1. CBS is being asked to recommend that those components agreed by CHy should be introduced into the Manual on Codes.

10. Decisions - summary
Experimental use of XML data representation for WIGOS metadata
Get feedback on the effectiveness of the WIGOS Metadata Data representation in XML and develop a revised version for future inclusion in the Manual on Codes
IWXXM
Decide between provisional operational implementation of data representation or recommendation to EC-69 for inclusion in Manual of Codes
TimeseriesML
Approve this OGC standard for the representation of time series information
Include the standard in the Manual on Codes to support WIGOS metadata and future meteorological representations
Key decisions in documents 3.3(1), 3.3(2), 3.3(3)
The decisions fall into fie groups.
WIGOS metadata tables.
The contents of the tables are being updated to reflect the recommendations of the ICG-WIGOS Task Team on WIGOS Metadata. Many of these changes introduce different definitions of terms that were used previously, and so cannot be handled by the Fast Track procedure.
Approval of new versions of representations derived from models
IWXXM and data representation for WIGOS metadata – should these go into the Manual on Codes now, or collect feedback from operational use and put the improved versions in the Manual in 2018? If in 2018, what approval mechanism should be used? (These depend on the changes to METCE and COLLECT).
WaterML2 – approve this OGC standard for inclusion in the Manual on Codes (this is a stand-alone decision).
TimeSeriesML – approve this OGC standard for inclusion in the Manual on Codes to support WIGOS metadata and future meteorological representations.
New edition of GRIB
Approve GRIN Edition 3 for experimental use.
Migration to Table Driven Code Forms
Emphasize importance of following the B/C regulations.
Formally decide to stop development of Traditional Alphanumeric Codes.

11. Decisions - summary WaterML2 WIGOS metadata tables
Adopt OGC standard for inclusion in the Manual of Codes
WIGOS metadata tables
Update the contents of the tables to reflect the recommendations of the ICG-WIGOS Task Team on WIGOS Metadata
GRIB Edition 3 experimental use
Remove GRIB 1 from the Manual on Codes
Table Driven Code Form
importance of completing migration to TDCF
Importance of following the B/C regulations
Stop development of Traditional Alphanumeric Codes
Key decisions in documents 3.3(1), 3.3(2), 3.3(3)
The decisions fall into fie groups.
WIGOS metadata tables.
The contents of the tables are being updated to reflect the recommendations of the ICG-WIGOS Task Team on WIGOS Metadata. Many of these changes introduce different definitions of terms that were used previously, and so cannot be handled by the Fast Track procedure.
Approval of new versions of representations derived from models
IWXXM and data representation for WIGOS metadata – should these go into the Manual on Codes now, or collect feedback from operational use and put the improved versions in the Manual in 2018? If in 2018, what approval mechanism should be used? (These depend on the changes to METCE and COLLECT).
WaterML2 – approve this OGC standard for inclusion in the Manual on Codes (this is a stand-alone decision).
TimeSeriesML – approve this OGC standard for inclusion in the Manual on Codes to support WIGOS metadata and future meteorological representations.
New edition of GRIB
Approve GRIN Edition 3 for experimental use.
Migration to Table Driven Code Forms
Emphasize importance of following the B/C regulations.
Formally decide to stop development of Traditional Alphanumeric Codes.

12. Thank you
Merci