1. Section 1: Plant Tissue Systems
Preview
Bellringer
Key Ideas
Plant Tissues
Dermal Tissue System
Vascular Tissue System
Ground Tissue System
Summary

2. Bellringer
Think of outdoor plants and how their leaves, stems, and roots are adapted to the plants environment.

3. Key Ideas What three types of tissue are found in vascular plants?
What is the dermal tissue system?
What are two types of vascular tissue?
What is ground tissue?

4. Plant Tissues
Vascular plants have three tissue systems—the dermal tissue system, vascular tissue system, and ground tissue system.
Dermal tissue forms the protective outer layer of a plant.

5. Plant Tissues, continued
Vascular tissue forms strands that conduct water, minerals, and organic compounds throughout a vascular plant.
Ground tissue makes up much of the inside of the nonwoody parts of a plant, including roots, stems, and leaves.

6. Structure of a Vascular Plant

7. Dermal Tissue System
Dermal tissue covers the outside of a plant’s body. In the nonwoody parts of a plant, dermal tissue forms a “skin” called epidermis.
Extensions of the epidermal cells on root tips, called root hairs, help increase water absorption.

8. Dermal Tissue System, continued
Pores called stomata (singular, stoma) permit plants to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. A pair of specialized cells called guard cells border each stoma.
Stomata open and close as the guard cells change shape.

9. Visual Concept: Dermal Tissue Systems in Plants

10. Control of Stomatal Opening

11. Visual Concept: Stomata

12. Vascular Tissue System
Vascular plants have two kinds of vascular tissue, called xylem and phloem, that transport water, minerals, and nutrients throughout the plant.
These tissues are composed of cells that are stacked end to end like sections of pipe.
Xylem and phloem allow most vascular plants to grow to much larger sizes than nonvascular plants, which do not have xylem and phloem.

13. Vascular Tissue System, continued
Xylem is composed of thick-walled cells that provide support and conduct water and mineral nutrients from a plant’s roots through its stems to its leaves.
Phloem is made up of cells that conduct sugars and nutrients throughout a plant’s body.

14. Structure of Xylem

15. Visual Concept: Xylem

16. Structure of Phloem

17. Visual Concept: Phloem

18. Ground Tissue System
The third type of tissue in vascular plants is ground tissue. Ground tissue makes up much of the inside of most nonwoody plants, where it surrounds and supports vascular tissue.
Ground tissue contains many cell types, each with specific functions based on where the cells are located in a plant.

19. Visual Concept: Ground Tissue System in Plants

20. Summary
Vascular plants have three tissue systems—the dermal system, vascular tissue system, and ground tissue system.
Dermal tissue covers the outside of a plant’s body. In the nonwoody parts of a plant, dermal tissue forms a “skin” called the epidermis.
Vascular plants have two kinds of vascular tissue, called xylem and phloem, that transport water, minerals, and nutrients throughout the plant body.

21. Summary, continued
Ground tissue makes up much of the inside of most nonwoody plants, where it surrounds and supports vascular tissue.