1. Islamic University of Gaza
Organic chemistry A
Chapter 4
Stereochemistry
By Prof. Dr.
Adel M. Awadallah
Islamic University of Gaza

2. Stereochemistry
Isomers: different compounds having the same molecular formula

6. A chiral molecule is one that is optically active
A racemic mixture (racemic modification) is one with equal ratios of enantiomers (50:50 mixture)

7. Configuration and the R-S Convention

10. Examples

11. Compounds with more than one stereogenic center; (Diasteriomers)

14. Properties of enantiomers and diastereomers
A) Enantiomers
Have the same physical properties except for direction of rotation of plane polarized light
Have the same chemical properties except for their reaction with other chiral molecules
(This usually seen in their biological activity)
B) Diastereomers
Have different physical properties
Similar chemical properties

15. Chemical reactions of stereoisomers
1) Generation of a chiral center

16. Reaction away from a chiral center

17. Generation of a second chiral center

18. Resolution of enantiomers
Enantiomers + chiral molecules gives diasteriomers which can be sepearated, then we get red of the chiral molecules