1. Wilson Fights For Peace
11.4
Notes

2. Fourteen Points Delivered speech on Jan. 18, 1918 #1 – 5
1. No secret treaties among nations
2. Freedom of the seas
3. Tariffs/economic barriers eliminated to promote free trade
4. Arms reduced to “lowest point consistent with domestic safety”
5. colonial policies should include colonized people
#8 – 13 – boundary changes
#14 – League of Nations

3. League of Nations International organization
Would address diplomatic crises
Help prevent war
Forum for nations to discuss and settle grievances

4. Allies Reject Wilson’s Plan
Allies very angry about WWI
Big Four present at peace conference
French premier – Georges Clemenceau
British Prime Minister – David Lloyd George
Italian Prime Minister – Vittorio Orlando
U.S. President – Woodrow Wilson
All wanted Central
Powers to pay
Central Powers not
present at peace
conference

5. Treaty of Versailles Gathered at Hall of Mirrors, Palace of Versailles
Hoping to create stability – angered instead
Established 9 new nations
Poland, Czech, Yugoslavia
Shifted boundaries of other nations
5 areas cut out of Ottoman Empire
Controlled temporarily by France and Britain
Germany barred from maintaining an army
Alsace-Lorraine returned to France
$33 Billion paid in reparations

8. Weakness of Treaty Humiliated Germany War-Guilt Clause
No way they could pay back $33 Billion
Stripped of colonial possessions in Pacific
War-Guilt Clause
Forced Germany to admit sole responsibility for starting WWI
Russia excluded from peace conference
Even though fought with allies
Lost territory – determined to get it back
Ignored desires of self-determination of colonized people

9. Opposition to Treaty Government officials unhappy Too harsh
“the economic consequences
alone will pull down all Europe
and thus injure the U.S.”
Sell-out to imperialism
Exchanged one set of colonial rulers for another
Skeptical about League of Nations
Didn’t want to shape U.S. foreign policy around League of Nations
Never joined