1. History of Missouri
Missouri Compromise

2. Missouri Compromise
1818
Missouri Territory has sufficient population to become a state
Missouri petitions Congress for admission to the Union as a state

3. Missouri Compromise The U.S. in 1818 22 states in the U.S.
11 free states, 11 slave states
Balance of power between slave and free states
Free states control House of Representatives
105 votes to 81
Equal representation in Senate
Each faction has power to prevent passage of legislation not to its liking

4. Missouri Compromise Slavery in the South
Integral part of Southern life and culture for 200 years
Economy dependent upon slavery for agriculture

5. Missouri Compromise
1819
Majority of Missouri settlers are from the South
More than 2,000 slaves live in Missouri Territory
Missouri expected to become a slave state
Missouri Statehood Bill goes to House of Representatives

6. Missouri Compromise
NY Rep James Tallmadge proposes amendment to ban slavery in Missouri
Forbid importation of slaves
Emancipation of all slaves born in Missouri
February, 1819: Amendment passes in House, but not in Senate
U.S. again confronted with volatile issue of spread of slavery into new territories and states

7. Missouri Compromise
1820
Missouri statehood controversy becomes a national issue as slavery is debated
January: Maine petitions Congress for statehood
March 3: Compromise is reached

8. Missouri Compromise - Results
The compromise will allow Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state, and Maine to enter as a free state
Balance of power will remain the same in Congress with an equal number of slave and free states

9. Missouri Compromise
Henry Clay, Speaker of the House, is regarded as the author of the compromise

10. Missouri Compromise - Results
Attempts to address issue of further spread of slavery
36° 30’ N. latitude line
(southern boundary of Missouri)
Louisiana Purchase territory north of the line will be free (except Missouri)
Louisiana Purchase territory south of the line will be slave
Slavery confrontation is postponed

11. Missouri Compromise - Results
36° 30’ North Latitude Line

12. Missouri Compromise → Statehood
1820
June: Delegates meet in St. Louis to draw up a constitution
July: Missouri’s first Constitution is adopted
August: Missouri’s first state elections are held and the first governor is elected

13. Missouri Compromise → Statehood
Missouri Constitution is sent to Congress for approval
Missouri Constitution
Provision barring immigration of free blacks
Northern Congressman object

14. Missouri Compromise - Again
2nd Missouri Compromise is necessary
Missouri legislature makes solemn promise never to carry out the provision
Pledge nothing in the Missouri constitution will be interpreted to abridge the rights of citizens of the U.S.
Charter is approved and Missouri is admitted to the Union

15. Missouri Compromise → Statehood
In 1821
August 10: Missouri becomes the 24th state of the Union
St. Charles is the state capitol until a permanent location is later designated
(A bill to create the State Seal was not adopted until January 11, 1822)

16. Official Song of the State of Missouri: Missouri Waltz
Hush-a-bye, ma baby, slumber time is comin' soon;
Rest yo' head upon my breast, while mommy hums a tune;
The sandman is callin', where shadows are fallin',
While the soft breezes sigh as in days long gone by.
Way down in Missouri where I heard this melody,
When I was a little child on my mommy's knee;
The old folks were hummin', their banjos were strummin‘
So sweet and low.
Strum, strum, strum, strum, strum,
Seems I hear those banjos playin' once again,
Hum, hum, hum, hum, hum,
That same old plaintive strain.
Hear that mournful melody,
It just haunts you the whole day long,
And you wander in dreams, back to Dixie, it seems,
When you hear that old song.
Hush a-bye, my baby, go to sleep on Mommy's knee,
Journey back to Dixieland in dreams again with me;
It seems like your Mommy is there again,
And the old folks were strummin' that old refrain.
Way down in Missouri where I learned this lullaby,
When the stars were blinkin' and the moon was climbin' high,
Seems I hear voices low, as in days long ago
Singin' hush a-bye.
Music at this location:
Written by James Royce Shannon Music by John Valentine Eppel as arranged by Frederick Knight Logan
Music is also at this location:

17. Missouri Compromise → Statehood
James Monroe is President of the United States when Missouri becomes a state
Alexander McNair is Missouri’s first Governor