1. Population

2. Birth Rate Fertility Rate Mortality Rate Infant Mortality
Population Key Terms
One is the birthrate. This is the number of live births per thousand people in the population.
Another way to study population is to look at the fertility rate. The fertility rate shows the average number of children a woman would have in her lifetime.
The mortality rate, also called the death rate, is the number of deaths per thousand people in the population.
Geographers also look at infant mortality rates. The infant mortality rate shows the number of deaths among infants under the age of one per thousand live births.
Birth Rate
Fertility Rate
Mortality Rate
Infant Mortality

3. Rate of Natural Increase – the rate at which a population is growing or shrinking. It is the difference between the birth rate and the mortality rate.
Population Pyramid – a graphic device that shows sex and age distribution of a population.

4. Life Expectancy – Average lifespan
Population Density – calculated by population PER area (sq. mile)
Literacy – ability to read and write, to be literate (shows level of education)
GDP (Gross Domestic Product) – value of domestic product within a country (How much money the people or the country is making)
Standard of Living (like Quality of Life) – determined from literacy rate, life expectancy, and GDP
Life Expectancy + Population Density + Literacy + GDP = Standard of Living

5. What country has the highest standard of living
What country has the highest standard of living? What country has the lowest standard of living?

6. Population Distribution
There are nearly billion people in the world, and they are not spread out equally across the land. Factors, such as climate, altitude, and access to water, influence where people choose to live.

8. To understand how heavily populated an area is, geographers use a figure called population density. This is the average number of people who live in a measurable area such as square mile.

9. Centers of population
Migration is the movement of people from one location to another. Push-Pull Factors – are reasons for migration.