1. The American Revolution

2. Causes of the American Revolution
Proclamation of 1763
Sugar Act
Stamp Act
Townshend Act
Boston Massacre
Tea Act
Intolerable Acts

3. Proclamation of 1763
Prohibited settlement west of the Appalachian Mts.
Anyone already in the area had to move back east of the mountains
Many colonists angered as they believed it was their right to settle the area

4. Sugar Act
Passed to help pay the debt from the French and Indian War, and for expenses of running the colonies
Placed duties on imported sugar, textiles, coffee, indigo(dye), etc.

5. Stamp Act 1764 1st direct tax on the colonies
Placed tax on all printed materials:
* newspapers, pamphlets, bills, legal documents, licenses, almanacs
Colonists react by creating Stamp Act Congress and boycotting these items

6. Townshend Act
Placed taxes on imports like paper, tea, glass, lead, and paint
Established a colonial board of customs in Boston
Colonists react with more boycotts

7. Boston Massacre
After being harassed by a group of colonists, British troops fire into the crowd killing three and injuring six others
Even though it was not an actual massacre, the colonists used it as means to spread propaganda to portray the British government as unjust and harsh

8. Tea Act British govt. repealed all the taxes except the taxes on tea
Kept to show that the British govt. still had the right to tax the colonies
Colonists reaction: Boston Tea Party
~December 16, 1773 colonists boarded three British ships and dumped the tea into the Boston Harbor

9. Intolerable Acts
Series of laws passed as result of the Boston Tea Party
Boston Port Act: closed the Boston Port until the money from the lost tea was made
Quartering Act: troops housed in colonists’ homes
Quebec Act: Catholics in Quebec granted religious freedoms
Massachusetts Regulating Act: officers appointed by royal govt. and town hall meetings were banned
Impartial Administration of Justice Act: royal governors could move trials to another colony or England if they believed the jury would not judge the case fairly

10. Write a summary paragraph explaining why the colonists rebelled against English rule. *4-5 complete sentences

11. The American Revolution Begins
After the passage of the Intolerable Acts colonists are ready for independence from (what they considered) an abusive British government
July 4, 1776: Declaration of Independence approved and signed
George Washington chosen as the commander of the Continental Army

12. Major Battles of the American Revolution
Bunker Hill
Inexperienced colonial army vs. well trained British army
British win the battle, but colonial army held off two major attacks and caused many British casualties
Lexington and Concord
1st battle of Am. Rev.
British troops sent to capture John Hancock and Samuel Adams
Paul Revere’s midnight ride warning of the British attack in Lexington
After fighting at Lexington, British troops learn Hancock and Adams escaped so they march to Concord
British and colonial minutemen battle at Concord’s North Bridge where British retreated
“the shot heard around the world”

13. Major Battles of the American Revolution Cont…..
Battles of Saratoga
2 battles: Sept. 19 and Oct
Sept. 19th battle was a successful, but costly victory for the British Army
Oct. 7th battle: Continental Army successfully forces the British to retreat winning the battle
Major turning point in the American Revolution
Am. victory convinced France to aid the colonists in their fight
Winter at Valley Forge
After suffering many defeats during George Washington moved his troops to Valley Forge for the winter
Washington’s troops suffered from the cold, hunger, poor clothing, and sickness
Troops underwent training to improve their military skills
Gaining confidence after learning that France was now an ally Washington’s troops retook the city of Philadelphia

14. Major Battles of the American Revolution Cont….
Battle of Yorktown
Washington and French allies besiege British General Cornwallis’s army at Yorktown
October 19, 1781 Cornwallis surrenders ending the Am. Revolution
Colonies gain independence
Last battle of Am. Revolution

15. Treaty of Paris 1783 Officially ended the Am. Revolution
England recognized the independence of the colonies
England gave up its territory in North America; except for Canada