1. LO: To revise why the First Crusade Was successful.
Learning Outcomes
By the end of this lesson you will be able to…
Describe the reasons for success E-D
Explain why it was successful C-B
Judge the most important reason A-A*

2. Fact Test! You have 5 minutes! LO: To revise why the First
Crusade Was successful.
Describe the reasons for success E-D
Explain why it was successful C-B
Judge the most important reason A-A*
Task: Once you have written
Your title and date…
Fact Test!
You have 5 minutes!

3. LO: To revise why the First Crusade Was successful.
Describe the reasons for success E-D
Explain why it was successful C-B
Judge the most important reason A-A*
So what has been asked before?
JUNE 2008 To what extent was strong leadership the main reason for the success of the First Crusade?
JUNE 2011 Religious devotion was the main reason for the success of the Frist Crusade. How far do you agree?
JAN 2009 To what extent do the weaknesses of its enemies explain the
Success of the First Crusade?
JUNE 2012 Assess the reasons for the success of the First Crusade.
JUNE 2009 How important was Muslim disunity to the success of the First Crusade?
JAN 2013 How far was the success of the First Crusade due to help from Byzantium?
JUNE 2013 How important were the military leaders in determining the success of the First Crusade?
JAN 2010 How important was Byzantine help in the success of the First Crusade?
JUNE 2010 How important was Bohemond of Taranto to the success of the First Crusade?
JUNE 2013 How far was the success of the First Crusade due to the finding of the Holy Lance?
JUNE 2010 To what extent was superior military leadership the main reason for the success of the First Crusade?
JUNE 2015 How important was Muslim disunity in the success of the First Crusade?

4. LO: To revise why the First Crusade Was successful.
Describe the reasons for success E-D
Explain why it was successful C-B
Judge the most important reason A-A*
Muslim Disunity
- During the 1090s, in the aftermath of Malik-Shah’s death, Seljuk territory split. Jihad dormant.
- At Doryaleum in 1097 the crusaders defeated Kilij Arslan, Seljuk sultan of Rum in Asia Minor whose military occupation lacked support from the local Muslim and Armenian population.
- Kilij Arslan’s army deserts after Doryaleum.
The defeat of Kerbogha, of Mosul, at Antioch was aided by the disunity of his army. And Firuz!
-Crusader truce with Egyptian Shia Fatimids V Abbasids
-The previous year the Emirs of Aleppo and Antioch had fought the Emir of Damascus. Local Arab dynasties were delighted by the collapse of Seljuk power – the Shia Arab Emir of Shaizar offered guides and provisions on the journey to Jerusalem.
Fatimids had only just retaken Jerusalem from
Seljuks. Therefore city was weak from battle.
Muslim wars in East allows Crusaders to
Continue long sieges unhampered.
Religious Fervour
-20 different languages, numerous Nationalities.
Cause only thing in common. “Deus Volt”
-1st July 1097 Dorylaeum “Stand fast together,
trusting in Christ…Today we may gain much booty!”
-If God had not been with us in this Battle, and
sent the other army quickly, none of us would have
Escaped” (Gesta Francorum)
-Finding of the Holy Lance by Peter Bartholomew.
-Saints seen to be riding at breakout of Antioch.
-14,000 Crusaders march last few miles barefoot.
-Parades around Jerusalem, Fasting and confession.
Saint George and Ghost of Adhemar seem.
Military Leadership
-Sizeable military force ,000.
-Bohemond was an able general whose aggressive
tactics created the victories over Ridwan and Kerbogha
-Robert of Normandy was a vital military commander
who rallied the troops at Dorylaeum and leading the
charge at Ascalon. Siege warfare unknown to Muslims.
-Adhemar played a key role in uniting the lay princes –
as is shown by the near collapse after his death Antioch.
-Role of Peter the Hermit and Peoples Crusade.
-Godfrey’s distraction tactic at Jerusalem.
-Use of tactics against “Greek Fire”.
-Lethalde and Englebert examples of Crusader bravery.
Byzantine Help
-The provision of guides and supplies during the crossing of Anatolia and at Antioch, where the Byzantine fleet proved vital.
-The Role of Tatikios at Nicea.
-Help evaporates at Antioch. Tatikios withdraws
And does not return. Stephen of Blois warns off
Relief army.

5. LO: To revise why the First
Crusade Was successful.
Describe the reasons for success E-D
Explain why it was successful C-B
Judge the most important reason A-A*
Religious Devotion was the main reason for the success of the First Crusade. How far do you agree? (30)

6. LO: To revise why the First Crusade Was successful.
Describe the reasons for success E-D
Explain why it was successful C-B
Judge the most important reason A-A*
LO: To revise why the First
Crusade Was successful.

7. LO: To revise why the First Crusade Was successful.
Describe the reasons for success E-D
Explain why it was successful C-B
Judge the most important reason A-A*
LO: To revise why the First
Crusade Was successful.

8. LO: To revise why the First Crusade Was successful.
Describe the reasons for success E-D
Explain why it was successful C-B
Judge the most important reason A-A*
LO: To revise why the First
Crusade Was successful.

9. LO: To revise why the First Crusade Was successful.
Describe the reasons for success E-D
Explain why it was successful C-B
Judge the most important reason A-A*
LO: To revise why the First
Crusade Was successful.

10. LO: To revise why the First Crusade Was successful.
Describe the reasons for success E-D
Explain why it was successful C-B
Judge the most important reason A-A*
LO: To revise why the First
Crusade Was successful.

11. LO: To revise why the First Crusade Was successful.
Describe the reasons for success E-D
Explain why it was successful C-B
Judge the most important reason A-A*
LO: To revise why the First
Crusade Was successful.

12. LO: To revise why the First Crusade Was successful.
Describe the reasons for success E-D
Explain why it was successful C-B
Judge the most important reason A-A*
LO: To revise why the First
Crusade Was successful.

13. LO: To revise why the First Crusade Was successful.
Describe the reasons for success E-D
Explain why it was successful C-B
Judge the most important reason A-A*
LO: To revise why the First
Crusade Was successful.

14. LO: To revise why the First Crusade Was successful.
Describe the reasons for success E-D
Explain why it was successful C-B
Judge the most important reason A-A*
LO: To revise why the First
Crusade Was successful.