1. Cell Division pp

2. Chromosomal DNA molecules
Figure
Chromosomal DNA molecules
Chromosomes 1
Centromere
Chromosome arm
Chromosome duplication (including DNA replication) and condensation 2
Sister chromatids
Figure 12.5 Chromosome duplication and distribution during cell division.
Separation of sister chromatids into two chromosomes 3

3. Purpose Process in which cells produce more offspring (cells)
Cell division occurs to replace cells or for growth of an organism

5. Prokaryotic Cell Division
Prokaryotes only have one circular piece of DNA attached the to the inner part of the cell membrane
DNA is copied and the cell grows until almost twice its size
The cell membrane pushes in and the cell wall forms

6. Eukaryotic Cell Division
Growth, development, repair, asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction to make sex cells

8. Cell Cycle Repeating set of events divided into three major phases
Interphase: time between cell divisions
- G1 phase: cell growth
- S phase: copying of DNA
- G1 phase: more growth and preparation for cell division

9. M phase (mitosis): division of the nucleus

12. Cytokinesis: division of the cytoplasm
Animal cells: the cytoplasm pinches and forms a cleavage furrow
Plant cells: cell plate forms between the cells and becomes the cell wall

14. Control of Cell Division
Proteins at three checkpoints control the cell cycle
G1 checkpoint: only passes the checkpoint if the cell has grown to the correct size
- Some cells cells stop here (EX. Brain cells)
G2 checkpoint: DNA synthesis and accuracy checkpoint
M (mitosis) Checkpoint: cells can stop here if errors occur in the nucleus