1. The Age of the Common Man
Jacksonian Era:
The Age of the Common Man

2. Vocabulary 24. Sovereign 25. Nullification 26. Emancipation
27. Abolitionist
28. Yeoman
29. Antebellum

3. A Time of Great Change
The age of Jackson was marked by an increase in political participation.
Slavery became even more hated.
Elitist (a person who believes they have been chosen to rule over other people, they believe they are better than other people) were hated.

4. Jackson is “controversial”
He married his wife Rachel after having a long affair with her.
He owned slaves- 36:40 video
He gambled often
He killed a family member in a duel
He resented the Natives for not being more “white.”

5. Jackson Quotes
“The Indians should cast off their savage habits and become an interesting, civilized, and Christian community”
“ It is to be regretted that the rich and powerful too often bend the acts of government to their own selfish purposes.”
“To the victors belong the spoils.”
“ One man with courage makes a majority.”
“I have always been afraid of banks.”

6. The Age of the Common Man
Election of 1828 – (democrats and republicans)
Jackson represented the common man- the new voters
Andrew Jackson ( 7th president)
He was a self-made man – was poor and became very wealthy – owned over 200 slaves

7. Jackson in Office He would challenge Congress and the Courts
He dismissed many government officials and replaced them with his friends – called the spoils system. Jackson stated, “To the victor belongs the spoils.”
His first inauguration: he opened up the White House to 10,000 supporters! He had to spend his first night as president in a hotel. Here is a short video

8. Jackson and the Indians
He saw Indians as in the way of his goal
Wanted Eastern Tribes to settle west of the Mississippi
A few smaller tribes moved to reservations for money
Others wanted to stay on their ancestral lands

9. “I have long viewed treaties with the Indians an absurdity not to be reconciled to the principles of our government.”
-- Andrew Jackson, 1817

10. The Jackson 5 Jackson targeted the 5 civilized tribes Cherokee
Chickasaw
Choctaw
Creek
Seminole

11. Indian Removal Act
When persuasion did not work with all tribes, Jackson asked Congress for a bill
Indian Removal Act provided for the removal of all Indian tribes east of the Mississippi, using force if needed, and the purchase of western lands for resettlement

15. Supreme Court and Georgia
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831)
Cherokees claimed that Georgia could not make laws because they were a sovereign nation; court refused to hear the case
Worcester v. Georgia (1832)
Marshall ruled that Georgia had no right to rule in Cherokee territory

16. “John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it!”
Andrew Jackson, 1832

17. Jackson Wins The last tribe to leave was the Cherokee
Trail of Tears, 1838 – the forced march of Cherokees that led to thousands of deaths by sickness and starvation.
Were relocated to Oklahoma
Painting by Robert Lindneux – hangs in Woolaroc Museum, Bartlesville, Oklahoma

18. Trail of Tears

19. Jackson and the Bank
The bank served the interests of “the few at the expense of the many and injured humbler members of society – the farmers, the mechanics, and the laborers – who have neither the time nor the means of securing like favors to themselves.”
In other words, to Jackson, the bank was a tool of the wealthy that did not benefit the common man
Video 1:38:00

20. Bank, cont.
Bank charter was up in 1836, but Henry Clay and Daniel Webster suggested renewing it in 1832 ( to discredit Jackson)
The country was prosperous and the Bank and Nicholas Biddle, the president of the Bank, were popular
Jackson vetoed the recharter bill and removed all federal funds from the bank and placed them in his “pet banks” – state banks mostly located in the West

21. Result of Bank War:
There was a lot of speculation in Western lands and inflation in both land and goods because the Western banks had all the federal money!

22. Nullification Crisis
South Carolina especially hated the tariff of 1828
They were experiencing soil exhaustion and declining agricultural prices
John C. Calhoun, Senator from South Carolina, led his state’s protest against the tariff
Jackson threatens with military force!
Tariff of SLAVE CLOTHING _ Let me explain!

23. John C. Calhoun
Calhoun argued for the right of nullification: a law could not be imposed on a state that believed it to be unjust.
He argued that states had not given up any of their sovereignty when they signed the Constitution
It was up to the states, not the Supreme Court, to judge the constitutionality of a law.

24. Liberty and union, now and forever, one and inseparable!"
-Daniel Webster
"Our federal Union-
it must be preserved."
-Andrew Jackson
"The Union- next to our
liberty most dear. May
we always remember
preserved by distributing
that it can only be
benefits and burdens of the Union."
evenly the
- John C. Calhoun
                 
                  

25. Rise of the Whig Party
Whigs- a loose organization, that was against a strong president
Many Whigs believed in government activism relating to social issues – social reformers
Election of Jackson backs his Vice President Martin Van Buren – he wins but inherits an economic crisis, the Panic of 1837.

26. The Antebellum Period “Antebellum” means (pre-war)
Most farmers in the south were called yeoman.
Yeoman- are owners of small farms
Only one percent of southern farmers were considered “Planters” and wealthy.
Look on page 435

27. The Abolitionist Movement
Chapter 15 Section 4

28. American Anti-slavery Society
Founded in 1833 by William Lloyd Garrison
Would mail out flyers condemning slavery all over the North and South
WLG also founds a newspaper _ The Liberator, which was an abolitionist newspaper.

29. Frederick Douglass Douglass is discovered by WLG.
He is a great speaker and appears many places
PROBLEM>>- He was a runaway slave.
Why is this a problem with him speaking publicly????
He flees to England and returns after the Civil War and has disagreements with Andrew Johnson.

30. Slave Rebellions in the Antebellum South: Nat Turner, 1831
Southampton, Virginia

31. Black Codes Introduced
Whites retaliated and had 200 slaves, many with no connection to the rebellion, executed
Southern states passed black codes; these were restrictive laws that prohibited blacks from congregating and learning how to read.