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Volume 17, Issue 11, Pages 939-953 (November 2018)
Global, regional, and national burden of Parkinson's disease, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 E. Ray Dorsey, Alexis Elbaz, Emma Nichols, Foad Abd-Allah, Ahmed Abdelalim, Jose C. Adsuar, Mustafa Geleto Ansha, Carol Brayne, Jee-Young J Choi, Daniel Collado-Mateo, Nabila Dahodwala, Huyen Phuc Do, Dumessa Edessa, Matthias Endres, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Kyle J Foreman, Fortune Gbetoho Gankpe, Rahul Gupta, Graeme J. Hankey, Simon I. Hay, Mohamed I Hegazy, Desalegn T. Hibstu, Amir Kasaeian, Yousef Khader, Ibrahim Khalil, Young-Ho Khang, Yun Jin Kim, Yoshihiro Kokubo, Giancarlo Logroscino, João Massano, Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim, Mohammed A. Mohammed, Alireza Mohammadi, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Mohsen Naghavi, Binh Thanh Nguyen, Yirga Legesse Nirayo, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, Mayowa Ojo Owolabi, David M. Pereira, Maarten J Postma, Mostafa Qorbani, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Kedir T. Roba, Hosein Safari, Saeid Safiri, Maheswar Satpathy, Monika Sawhney, Azadeh Shafieesabet, Mekonnen Sisay Shiferaw, Mari Smith, Cassandra E I Szoeke, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Nu Thi Truong, Kingsley Nnanna Ukwaja, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Santos Villafaina, Kidu gidey weldegwergs, Ronny Westerman, Tissa Wijeratne, Andrea S. Winkler, Bach Tran Xuan, Naohiro Yonemoto, Valery L Feigin, Theo Vos, Christopher J L Murray E. Ray Dorsey, Alexis Elbaz, Emma Nichols, Foad Abd-Allah, Ahmed Abdelalim, Jose C. Adsuar, Mustafa Geleto Ansha, Carol Brayne, Jee-Young J Choi, Daniel Collado-Mateo, Nabila Dahodwala, Huyen Phuc Do, Dumessa Edessa, Matthias Endres, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Kyle J Foreman, Fortune Gbetoho Gankpe, Rahul Gupta, Graeme J. Hankey, Simon I. Hay, Mohamed I Hegazy, Desalegn T. Hibstu, Amir Kasaeian, Yousef Khader, Ibrahim Khalil, Young-Ho Khang, Yun Jin Kim, Yoshihiro Kokubo, Giancarlo Logroscino, João Massano, Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim, Mohammed A. Mohammed, Alireza Mohammadi, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Mohsen Naghavi, Binh Thanh Nguyen, Yirga Legesse Nirayo, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, Mayowa Ojo Owolabi, David M. Pereira, Maarten J Postma, Mostafa Qorbani, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Kedir T. Roba, Hosein Safari, Saeid Safiri, Maheswar Satpathy, Monika Sawhney, Azadeh Shafieesabet, Mekonnen Sisay Shiferaw, Mari Smith, Cassandra E I Szoeke, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Nu Thi Truong, Kingsley Nnanna Ukwaja, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Santos Villafaina, Kidu gidey weldegwergs, Ronny Westerman, Tissa Wijeratne, Andrea S. Winkler, Bach Tran Xuan, Naohiro Yonemoto, Valery L Feigin, Theo Vos, Christopher J L Murray The Lancet Neurology Volume 17, Issue 11, Pages (November 2018) DOI: /S (18) Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Terms and Conditions
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Figure 1 Age-standardised prevalence of Parkinson's disease per 100 000 population by location for both sexes, 2016 ATG=Antigua and Barbuda. FSM=Federated States of Micronesia. Isl=Islands. LCA=Saint Lucia. TLS=Timor-Leste. TTO=Trinidad and Tobago. VCT=Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. The Lancet Neurology , DOI: ( /S (18) ) Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Terms and Conditions
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Figure 2 Global prevalence of Parkinson's disease by age and sex, 2016
Prevalence is expressed as the percentage of the population that is affected by the disease. Shading indicates 95% uncertainty intervals. The Lancet Neurology , DOI: ( /S (18) ) Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Terms and Conditions
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Figure 3 Global YLD and YLL rates per 100 000 population due to Parkinson's disease by age, 2016 Shading indicates 95% uncertainty intervals. YLDs=years lived with disability. YLLs=years of life lost. The Lancet Neurology , DOI: ( /S (18) ) Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Terms and Conditions
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Figure 4 Age-standardised DALY rates for Parkinson's disease by 21 Global Burden of Disease regions by Socio-demographic Index, 1990–2016 Expected values based on Socio-demographic Index and disease rates in all locations are shown as the black line. The black line represents expected values of age-standardised DALY rates for each value of Socio-demographic Index and is based on a Gaussian process regression of results for all Global Burden of Disease locations over the entire 1990–2016 estimation period. DALY=disability-adjusted life-year. The Lancet Neurology , DOI: ( /S (18) ) Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Terms and Conditions
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