1. Strap on your Seatbelts
FROM AUTO PACT TO RWANDA
A Time To Review
I just love to review! Don’t you?
Strap on your Seatbelts

2. Avro Arrow
State of the Art Jet: Designed to intercept USSR Planes if they invade Canada/USA
Cancelled by Diefenbaker in 1959 due to high costs
Benefits for Canada:
-Scraps the Avro Arrow (expensive)
-Instead, USA allows Canada to have Bomarc nuclear missiles stationed in Canada. (To intercept USSR)
-Instead of exploding over Canadian cities, could stop USSR higher in the arctic.

3. Auto Pact Strengthened Relationship Economically.
January 16, 1965, Canada–United States Auto Pact signed by PM & US President.
American Car Companies set up Branch plants in Canada.
Eliminated tariffs on Vehicles and Parts
For every car sold in Canada, one had to be built in Canada.
1968, 60% of Canadian vehicles made were shipped to the United States, and 40% of the vehicles purchased in Canada were made in the United States
The agreement benefited Canadian workers and consumers:
Lower prices & larger selection of cars.
Created thousands of jobs in the automobile industry.

4. St. Lawrence Seaway Link Atlantic Ocean and Great lakes
Strengthened Relationship Economically.
Link Atlantic Ocean and Great lakes
Joint Canada-US project began
*Major feat of Engineering: Locks dams, Canals, islands created/destroyed, Rapids blown up.
*Showed that the USA and Canada could work together to better their economies.
*Partnership created.

6. Mulroney’s government
DEBT CRISIS
How each government dealt with the growing federal debt…
Mulroney’s government
Chrétien's government
-cut back on the role of government in the economy
-give large tax breaks to corporations
-give large tax breaks to wealthy citizens
-these groups would put money back into the economy to help everyone else
-trimmed social programs
-cut tax rates to stimulate the economy
-inherited staggering $466 billion debt
-inject more money into economy
-create jobs so workers would inject money into economy
-public works created employment
-cut federal government spending
-got rid of civil service jobs
-transfers for post-secondary and health care were cut substantially
-subsidies to businesses were removed

8. UN MISSIONS PEACE KEEPING PEACE MAKING
Negotiating settlements and keeping warring groups apart.
Use force to punish aggressors

10. PERSIAN GULF: KUWAIT When: 1990 – Where: Iraq invades oil-rich Kuwait.
Action Taken: 1991 – UN invasion led by USA (Operation Desert Storm)
Drew a line in the sand.
Response: Saddam withdraws troops
Outcome: Kuwait remains its own country, but second gulf war comes later.
So what: USA: only superpower left. Dominates world affairs.
Canada’s Role in Desert Storm: Squadron of CF-18 Fighter Bombers, Units of the Canadian Army, and ships in Canadian Navy patrol the Persian Gulf.

11. YUGOSLAVIA / KOSOVO
When: 1991
Where: Serbia/Bosnia
Background: Slobodan Milosovic wants to unite Serbians from surrounding areas and strengthen control over all of Yugoslavia.
Ethnic Groups: Serbs/Croats/Muslims in Bosnia-Herzegovina take offence. Fighting ensues
Action Taken: 1992 – UN arrives. Cannot keep peace. NATO steps in.
1995- NATO Strikes Serbian Forces in Yugoslav army. Causes ceasefire; US troops sent to help UN peacekeepers.

12. BUT IT DOESN’T END THERE… NATO BOMBING IN KOSOVO
Background: Kosovo: 1998: Serbs move into Kosovo. To ensure it will remain under Serb Control.
Milosevic's Actions: Army Murders/Persecutes/Displaces Albanians.
Most in Kosovo = Albanian Muslims.
NATO responds: Air Strikes bomb Yugoslavia.
Significance: Canada involved in the controversial mission - undermined the UN. Led Canadians to question the need for the UN and whether NATO should have undermined it.

13. SOMALIA Background: UN Launches “Operation Restore Hope”
Canadian troops give food/supplies to locals
Controversy: Canadians Torture/Beat a Somali teen to death.
Cover-up is uncovered.
Canada is disgraced.
Significance: In 1995 – Airborne Regiment Disbanded. Canadian reputation is damaged.

14. RWANDA GO OUT AND RENT HOTEL RWANDA Background: HUTU VS TUTSI
Genocide: HUTU Mass planned killings (with Machetes) of Tutsis.
UN Response: UN Peacekeepers sent Under Canadian Major General Romeo Dallaire.
Required a massive UN force in order to stop the conflict. USA won’t send help. UN allows 260 soldiers to help.
UN Soldiers instructed not to shoot anyone.
Result: Failures in Perian Gulf, Yugoslavia, Africa cause people to wonder what the future of the UN will be.
* Estimated number of victims of the genocide 1,174,000 in 100 days (10,000 murdered every day, 400 every hour, 7 every minute).

15. A Question To You DOES THE WORLD STILL NEED THE UN?
WITH THE FAILURE OF SOME UN PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS WHAT WILL THE FUTURE OF THE ORGANIZATION BE?
UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon