1. Element Groups on the Periodic Table

2. Group 1 – The alkali metalsNa K Rb Cs Fr

3. Alkali Metals Silvery Solids low densities low melting points
Representative Elements
Alkali Metals
low densities
low melting points
Silvery Solids
These elements increase in their reactivity, or tendency to combine with other substances, as you move from top to bottom.

4. Low ionization energy
Low electronegativity
Large atomic radii
One valence electron
Always found bonded to other elements
Highly reactive

5. Alkaline Earth Metals Each alkaline earth metal is denser and harder
Representative Elements
Alkaline Earth Metals
and has a higher melting point than the alkali metal in the same period.
Each alkaline earth metal is denser and harder
Alkaline earth metals are reactive, but not as reactive as the alkali metals.

6. Low electronegativity
Two valence electron
Readily form compounds
All found in the earth’s crust

7. Transition Metals
These are the metals you are probably most familiar: copper, tin, zinc, iron, nickel, gold, and silver.
They are good conductors of heat and electricity.
The d electrons are loosely bound, which contributes to the high electrical conductivity and malleability of the transition elements

8. Transition Metals
The compounds of transition metals are usually brightly colored and are often used to color paints.
Add color to gems
Many industrial uses

10. Transition Elements Very hard High melting points
Low ionization energy
Transition elements have 1 or 2 valence electrons, which they lose when they form bonds with other atoms

11. Because of electron spin, unpaired electrons give rise to paramagnetism. Paramagnetism is likely in transition metals because of the partial filling of the d subshell and the movement associated with the orientations of electrons.

12. Halogens Seven valence electrons
Found in all three states at room temperature
Highly reactive, especially with alkalis
Very electronegative

14. Noble Gases Full octet, eight valence electrons
Inert gases (unreactive)
High ionization energy
Low melting points
Nonmetals

16. Lanthanides and Actinides
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