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2. Review for Chapter 2 of our 2102 Lab Book
Anatomical terms and orientation
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3. Common anatomical terms**** YOU MUST KNOW THESE
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4. Module 1.20: Superficial and regional anatomy
Taken together, the abdominopelvic regions and quadrants are able to help identify organ locations in the body
Notice location of gall bladder
and liver to the right.
Notice location of
Spleen to the left.
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5. Module 1.21: Directional and sectional terms
Notice pairs
Superior/Inferior
top, bottom
Lateral/Medial
Medial is towards
Midline. The heart Is medial not lateral to lungs.
Proximal/Distal
Refers to limbs
Proximal is closest to attachment.
Elbow is proximal, and wrist is distal to shoulder.
Head vs feet/tail
Head=cranial, cephalic, rostral (all 3 are same)
Feet/Tail=
Caudal
Front vs Back
Front = anterior or ventral
Back= posterior or dorsal
Stomach is ventral or anterior.
Spinal column is dorsal or posterior.
Students struggle the most with proximal and distal. Have them think first about the starting point—for example, where the limbs attach to the trunk. Then have them move from there out—whichever structure they reach first is proximal to whatever structures are farther out.
Ipsilateral= same side
Left hand and left foot
Contralateral= opposite side
Left foot and Right foot
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6. Module 1.21: Directional and sectional terms
Frontal or coronal planes (same term)
Oriented parallel to long axis
Divides anterior from posterior
or front and back
The purple one
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7. Module 1.21: Directional and sectional terms
Sagittal plane
Parallel to long axis
Divides right from left
Midsagittal (midline) and parasagittal (off midline)
Examples class,
Midsagittal goes through heart
A parasagittal would
pass through a breast.
Midsagittal is also referred to as median sagittal or median.
The blue one
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8. Module 1.21: Directional and sectional terms
Transverse or horizontal plane
Perpendicular to long axis
Divides superior from inferior
Cross section
The green one
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9. DIAGONAL with red arrow
*** Another anatomical directional term designated with red arrow or Oblique
OBLIQUE or diagonal plane
Diagonal to long axis
DIAGONAL
with red arrow
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10. Review for Chapter 3 of our 2102 Lab Book
Parts of the Microscope and simple functions
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11. Know your parts of the microscope and basic use. Typical objectives
are 4x, 10x, and 40x.
Remember ocular lens has 10x fold magnification.
Therefore 4x objective renders a
40 fold total magnification.
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12. Review for Chapter 4 of our 2102 Lab Book Endocrine
You need to know the major hormones and function of those on pages 23-25
of our lab book
You also need to identify the histology of 3 slides- THYROID on the top of page
32, PANCREAS on the bottom of page 32, and ADRENAL gland on page 33
You also need to know the function of those hormones in those slides.
You are not responsible for the diseases on page 34 for our lab quiz
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