1. A Molecular World p272-276 Objectives:
to define DNA, cancer, viruses, prions,

2. DNA Cells perform many functions that are controlled by genes
Genes are sections of DNA-deoxyribonucleic acid
Found in the nucleus of all cells

3. DNA

4. DNA
DNA is constructed from phosphates, sugars and 4 different nitrogenous bases:
A - adenine
T - thymine
C - cytosine
G - guanine

6. Gene Sequencing Determining the order of A,T,C,G in a gene
Human genome project
Completed in 2003
Mapped all the human genes ( genes or 3 billion chemical base pairs !)

7. Why Sequence Genes Molecular medicine –cure diseases
DNA forensics (identification)
Agriculture, livestock breeding, and bioprocessing

8. Cancer Uncontrolled cell growth
Caused by a change or mutation to genes
Mutagens such as UV light cause mutations (although they can occur spontaneously)

9. A carcinogen is a substance that causes cancer
Asbestos
benzene

10. Viruses
A non living, non cellular structure of DNA enclosed in a protein coating
Cannot reproduce on its own, does not need energy, does not produce waste

11. Influenza and Adenovirus

12. A virus takes over a host cell and uses that host cell to make more viruses.

13. Prion A harmful protein that causes disease
Ex) Spongiform Encephalopathy