1. Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
Biology 9
Unit 4

2. Unit 4: Photosynthesis Table of Contents
Lesson 4.1: Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs
Lesson 4.2: Photosynthesis
Lesson 4.3: Cellular Respiration
Lesson 4.4: Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration
Lesson 4.5: Factors that Affect Photosynthesis

3. Lesson 4.1 Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs Learning Goals
I can explain the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs and give examples of each.

4. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
All life on Earth depends on the ____________ through the ecosystem. The source of this energy is the ____.
flow of energy
sun

5. This includes all green plants, some bacteria, and some protists.
Autotrophs
Autotrophs are organisms that can make their own food.
These organisms use the __________ from the sun to produce food in the form of ______________.
light energy
glucose or sugar
This includes all green plants, some bacteria, and some protists.

6. Examples are all animals and all fungi.
Heterotrophs
These are organisms that cannot make their own food.
Examples are all animals and all fungi.
Heterotrophs must consume food. Heterotrophs eat plants or eat other animals that eat plants.

7. Unit 4: Photosynthesis Table of Contents
Lesson 4.1: Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs
Lesson 4.2: Photosynthesis
Lesson 4.3: Cellular Respiration
Lesson 4.4: Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration
Lesson 4.5: Factors that Affect Photosynthesis

8. Lesson 4.2 Photosynthesis Learning Goals
I can explain the process of photosynthesis and state the overall reaction equation.

9. Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle
Where does
the energy in
most of Earth’s
ecosystems
come from?
1a. Light energy from the sun.

10. Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle
2. Chemical Reactions
2a. Reactant- elements or compounds that ENTER into a chemical reaction.
2b. Product- elements or compounds PRODUCED by a chemical reaction

11. Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle
3. Ways to represent
chemical reactions
3a. Words
Carbon monoxide + Oxygen  Carbon dioxide
3b. Symbols/Formula
3c. Diagram

12. Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle
4. Molecules involved in the Carbon Dioxide-Oxygen Cycle

13. Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle
5. Photosynthesis
5a. During photosynthesis a plant absorbs light energy from the sun.
5b. Takes place in the
chloroplasts
5c. The plant uses this energy to combine
carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) to
produce oxygen (O2) and sugars (C6H12O6).

14. Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle
5. Photosynthesis
5d. Symbols/Formula
6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy  C6H12O6 + 6O2
5e. Diagram
5f. Words
Carbon dioxide + water + light energy
glucose + oxygen

15. Photo-synthesis: “putting together with light”+ +
Get students to think about the word photosynthesis…. Draw back on their root words and have them try to separate the word on their own to figure out what it means! +

16. Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.

17. The Chloroplast ____________ takes place inside the chloroplasts.
Photosynthesis
____________ takes place inside the chloroplasts.
membranes
Has two ___________ separated by a space. (Double membrane)
thylakoids
The _________,
inside of the chloroplasts, look like stacks of coins.
outer
membrane
thylakoid
inner
membrane

18. The Structure of the Chloroplast
outer
membrane
inner
thylakoid
grana
Big stacks of thylakoids are called _____.
grana
Thylakoids contain the green pigment _________.
Chlorophyll
Surrounding the thylakoids is a dense solution called the ______.
stroma

19. Unit 4: Photosynthesis Table of Contents
Lesson 4.1: Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs
Lesson 4.2: Photosynthesis
Lesson 4.3: Cellular Respiration
Lesson 4.4: Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration
Lesson 4.5: Factors that Affect Photosynthesis

20. Lesson 4.3 Aerobic Respiration Learning Goals
I can explain the process of cellular respiration and state the overall reaction equation.

21. Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle
6a. The reverse of photosynthesis
6b. Takes place in the
mitochondria
6c. A plant or animal cell breaks apart sugar molecules to release energy.
6d. The organism uses this energy to build
Organic molecules and carry on life processes.
6. Cellular
Respiration

22. Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle
6. Cellular
Respiration
6e. Symbols/Formula
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Heat energy
6f. Diagram
6g. Words
Glucose + Oxygen  Carbon dioxide
+ Water + heat energy

23. CELLULAR RESPIRATION + + +

24. Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration breaks down the food we eat into ENERGY

25. Structure of the Mitochondria
Label the following structures found in the mitochondria.
1 – Outer membrane
2 – Inner Membrane
3 – Matrix
4 – Cristae

26. Structure of the Mitochondria
The _______ is the space inside the inner membrane.
It contains…
…the materials need for cellular respiration
matrix
The inner membrane has folds and loops called _______.
The cristae:
increase the surface area for the reactions of the respiration process.
cristae

27. Unit 4: Photosynthesis Table of Contents
Lesson 4.1: Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs
Lesson 4.2: Photosynthesis
Lesson 4.3: Cellular Respiration
Lesson 4.4: Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration
Lesson 4.5: Factors that Affect Photosynthesis

28. Lesson 4.4 Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration Learning Goals
I can compare and contrast photosynthesis and cellular respiration and explain how the two systems are interconnected.

29. Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle
7. Review

30. The Relationship Between Photosynthesis and Respiration
Sun
Chloroplast
Photosynthesis
Green plants only
The waste products of respiration, _____________, are the raw materials for _______________.
IMPORTANT NOTE: While only green plants carry out ______________, ALL living things carry out __________.
CO2 and H2O
CO2 + H2O
C6H12O6 + O2
photosynthesis
Mitochondria
Respiration
All Living Organisms!
ATP
photosynthesis
respiration
heat

31. Comparing Photosynthesis to Respiration
Function
Energy capture.
Energy release.
Location
Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
Reactants
CO2 and H2O
C6H12O6 and O2
Products
Equation
CO2 + H2O + sun  C6H12O6 and O2
C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + H2O ATP

32. Unit 4: Photosynthesis Table of Contents
Lesson 4.1: Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs
Lesson 4.2: Photosynthesis
Lesson 4.3: Cellular Respiration
Lesson 4.4: Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration
Lesson 4.5: Factors that Affect Photosynthesis

33. Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle
8. Factors that
effect Photosynthesis
and Cellular
Respiration
8a. Amount of sunlight
If the light intensity is not great enough photosynthesis cannot occur.
If photosynthesis does not happen, the plant will not have the glucose it needs to break down during cellular respiration to release energy.
8b. Availability of carbon dioxide and water
Not enough water or carbon dioxide will decrease the amount of glucose produced and energy released.

34. Lesson 4.2 Factors that Affect Photosynthesis Learning Goals
I can identify several environmental factors that increase or decrease the rate of photosynthesis, and explain each one.

35. Increasing the light intensity increases the rate of photosynthesis.

36. Factors Affecting the Rate of Photosynthesis
Water
Water is required in photosynthesis. Water is obtained from the ground by the roots.
Too little water in the ground can slow or stop photosynthesis.
In order to prevent water loss from the plant, plants are covered with a waxy cuticle.

37. Temperature
The process of photosynthesis depends upon the action of enzymes.
These enzymes work the best at temperatures between 0C and 35C.
Temperatures above or below this range may damage the enzymes and prevent them from functioning.
At very low or very high temperatures, photosynthesis may stop entirely.