1. Purification and Characterization of Organic Compounds AL Chemistry p. 1

2. # Try to organize in Table Form # AL Chemistry p. 2 Purification technique Application Character- ization Example Distillation mixture of 2 or more liquids b.p. of distillate ethanol-water mixture Technique 1

3. AL Chemistry p. 3 Purification technique Application Character- ization Example Fractional Distillation the b.p. of the liquid components are close together b.p. of distillate benzene- methylbenzene mixture Technique 2

4. AL Chemistry p. 4 Purification technique Application Character- ization Example Reduced- pressure Distillation liquids with very high b.p. but low thermal stability b.p. of distillate at low pressure nitrobenzene Technique 3

5. AL Chemistry p. 5 Purification technique Application Character- ization Example Recrystall- ization organic solid m.p. of crystal 2,4-dinitro- phenylhydrazone of carbonyl compounds in ethanol Technique 4

6. AL Chemistry p. 6 Purification technique Application Character- ization Example Solvent Extraction liquids with different polarities b.p. of product extraction of iodine from water Technique 5

7. AL Chemistry p. 7 Purification technique Application Character- ization Example Paper Chromato- graphy liquids with different polarities R f value amino acid Technique 6

8. AL Chemistry p. 8 Suggested Drawings Distillation Set-up Fractional Distillation Set-up Paper Chromatography Set-up Solvent Extraction Set-up