1. CELL BASIC UNIT OF STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN ORGANISMS
SMALLEST UNIT THAT CAN CARRY ON ALL LIFE PROCESSES
TWO TYPES: PROKARYOTIC
EUKARYOTIC

2. CELL HISTORY ROBERT HOOKE: 1665
Examined cork tissue saw small open spaces that resembled small rooms, called them “CELLS”

3. 1670 ‘FIRST’ MICROSCOPE ANTON VON LEEUWENHOEK
Observed first living cells in water he called “wee beasties”. They later became the Protists.

4. All organisms composed of cells?
SCHLEIDEN
1838: Botanist
Hypothesized all plant tissue made of cells
SCHWANN
1834: Zoologist
Hypothesized all animal tissue made of cells

5. "omnis cellula e cellula”
RUDOLF VIRCHOW, 1855
"omnis cellula e cellula”
DOCTOR STUDIED BACTERIA CELLS DIVIDING AND HYPOTHESIZED THAT ALL “CELLS COME FROM OTHER CELLS”
BECAME KNOWN AS BIOGENESIS, REPLACED THE WIDELY HELD IDEA OF SPONTANEOUS GENERATION, NOTION THAT NON-LIVING THINGS COULD GIVE RISE TO LIVING ORGANISMS

6. CELL THEORY General Tenants
ALL LIVING ORGANISMS ARE COMPOSED OF 1 OR MORE CELLS
CELLS ARE BASIC UNIT OF STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN LIVING SYSTEMS
ALL CELLS COME FROM PREEXISTING CELLS

7. Modern Tenants of Cell Theory
All cells contain hereditary information which is passed from cell to cell during cell division.
All cells are basically the same chemical composition.(PROTEINS, LIPIDS, CARBOHYDRATES, NUCLEIC ACIDS)
All energy flow(metabolism/biochemistry) of life occurs within the cell.

8. CELL DIVERSITY ORGANIZATION
UNICELLULAR
MULTICELLULAR
ONE CELL PROTISTS BACTERIA YEAST
MANY CELLS Colonial Protists MOST FUNGI ALL ANIMALS AND PLANTS

9. NO MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES
CELL TYPE
PROKARYOTIC EUKARYOTIC
ACROBATS
NO NUCLEUS
NUCLEUS
NO MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES
MEMBRANE BOUND
ORGANELLES
BINARY FISSION
MITOSIS
BACTERIA ONLY
ALL OTHER ORGANISMS

10. ENERGY AUTOTROPHIC PRODUCERS HETEROTROPHIC SAPROPHYTES CONSUMERS
CAN CONVERT ENERGY FROM
SUN OR CHEMICALS INTO
A FORM OTHER
ORGANISMS CAN USE
PRODUCERS
PHOTOSYNTHETIC
PLANTS PROTISTS BACTERIA
CHEMOSYNTHETIC BACTERIA
HETEROTROPHIC
MUST OBTAIN ENERGY FROM
AUTOTROPHS OR OTHER
HETEROTROPHS
SAPROPHYTES
ABSORB NUTRIENT FROM DECAYING ORGANIC MATTER
FUNGI
CONSUMERS
HERBIVORES
OMNIVORES
CARNIVORES
EUBACTERIA
ARCHAEBACTERIA

11. CELL STRUCTURE
FORM FITS FUNCTION The shape of a cell is directly related to the job that it performs.

12. CELL THEORY GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS of all CELLS

13. BONE OSTEON STRENGTH, SUPPORT, INFLEXIBLE,
CELLS ARE LAYERED LIKE RINGS ON TREE.
LONG CYLINDERS FOR SUPPORT

14. MUSCLE SKELETAL FLEXIBLE, ELASTIC, ALLOW MOVEMENT
CELLS CLUSTERED INTO CORD-LIKE BUNDLES

15. HAVE STRUCTURES TO RECEIVE AND TRANSMIT INFORMATION
NERVE NEURONS
LONGEST IN THE BODY
HAVE STRUCTURES TO RECEIVE AND TRANSMIT INFORMATION

16. SKIN EPITHELIAL CELLS
BARRIER, PROTECTION CELLS ARE SPHERICAL TIGHTLY PACKED INTO TISSUE LAYERS

17. CELL SIZE
SMALLEST CELLS
BACTERIA
LARGEST CELLS
OSTRICH EGGS

18. THE SIZE OF A CELL IS RELATED TO ITS ABILITY TO MOVE MATERIALS EFFICIENTLY
AS CELLS GROW VOLUME INCREASES FASTER THAN SURFACE AREA

19. MOST MATERIALS ENTER AND LEAVE A CELL VIA PASSIVE TRANSPORT
LARGE CELLS CANNOT
MOVE MATERIALS
EFFECTIVELY VIA
DIFFUSION OR OSMOSIS
SMALLER THE CELL
THE FASTER MATERIALS
CAN ENTER AND LEAVE
A SMALL CELL IS AN EFFICIENT CELL!