1. Safety
Mrs. Jessica Dean,BSN,RN

2. Safety 1. Body Mechanics 2. Universal Precautions
3. Disaster Preparedness

3. Safety
Body Mechanics: The way in which the body moves and maintains balance while making the most efficient use of all its parts.

4. Why use good body mechanics?
Muscles work best when used correctly
Correct application of body mechanics prevents unnecessary fatigue and strain, and saves energy
Correct use of muscles makes lifting,pulling, and pushing easier.
Correct application of body mechanics prevents injury to self.

5. Good Body Mechanics
Identify the client/item to be moved and explain the procedure.
4. Bring the object or client close before attempting to move.
2. Size up the load to be moved and get help if needed.
5. Squat by bending at the knees, and keep the back straight.
3. Keep a broad base of stance, with feet 6-8 inches apart.
6. Turn the body as a unit by pivoting the feet, not turning at the waist.

6. Watch Video

7. Safety
Activity:
Demonstrate proper lifting and body mechanics

8. Basic rules of good body mechanics:
Bend at hips and knees
Never lift anything that can be pushed or pulled. Use weight of body to push or pull.
Use strongest muscles
Avoid twisting
Avoid bending for long periods of time

9. Basic rules of good body mechanics cont.
Always ask for help if needed
Keep object close to your body
Maintain broad base support

10. Universal Precautions
What is it?
Who uses?
When do we use?

11. Universal Precautions
Used to prevent the spread of microorganisms (germs)
Also known as standard precautions

12. What are universal precautions?
Handwashing
Gloves
Gowns/Aprons
Masks
Goggles
Face shields

13. Who uses universal precautions?
EVERYONE!!!!

14. When are gloves worn?
When touching body fluids, blood,body substances and mucous membranes
When there are cuts, breaks, or opening in the skin
Possible contact with urine,feces,vomit, wound dressings, drainage, soiled linens or clothing
Anytime there is possible contamination

15. When are masks worn?
When splattering or splashing of blood or body fluids is possible.

16. When are gown or aprons worn?
When splashing,splattering,smearing, or soiling from blood or body fluids is possible
                                                                             

17. Handwashing: Wash hands after coming in contact with the client
Wash hands before putting on gloves and after removing gloves

18. Handwashing:
The single most important way to prevent the spread of infection is simply HANDWASHING!

19. Workplace Safety

20. OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
State Regulations
Federal Regulations
Establish standards of safety for the workplace and to enforce those standards

21. OSHA
Federal regulations require employers to tell employees of potential hazards in the workplace.

22. Equipment Regulations
Do not use any equipment until instructed on how to use it
Read and follow operating instructions for all major pieces of equipment
Report any damaged or malfunctioning equipment immediately and do no use it

23. Equipment Regulations, cont.
Observe all safety rules that have been taught
Do not use frayed or damaged electrical cords (third prong)
Third prong used for grounding

24. Solutions Regulations
Never use solutions from bottles that are not labeled
Never mix any solutions together unless instructed to do so
Read the label of solutions bottles before using,during use, and after using---make sure you have the correct solution

25. Solutions Regulations, cont
Some spills can be poisonous or cause injury
Avoid contact with your skin
Use only as directed
Report and spills or equipment breaks immediately
Directions will be given on how to remove the spilled solution

26. IIPP Injury and Illness Prevention Plan (IIPP)
Every employer must establish,implement and maintain a plan.

27. MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Provides all information required to use a chemical safely

28. Patient Safety
Do not perform any procedures until you have been instructed to do so
Use correct or approved methods while performing procedures
Provide privacy for patient
Identify your patient
Wrist bands
Repeat the name at least twice
Check the name on patient’s record

29. Ambulation devices assist patient in walking(ambulating) Walker Cane
                     
Cane
Transfer Belt
Walker

30. Transportation devices
used to move patient from one place to another safely
                                 
                                    
Wheelchair
Transfer Board
Hoyer Lift

31. Postural supports
restrict client movement for safety
                   
                   
                                                

32. Side rails
keep clients from falling out of bed

33. Disaster Preparedness
Examples of disasters:
Bioterrorism
Earthquake
Tornado
Explosion
Fire
Hurricanes
Flood

35. Things to know: Floor plan of your facility Nearest exit routes
Location of fire alarms and extinguishers and how to use
Your role as a health care worker when a disaster occurs

36. Fire Safety Three things are needed to start a fire:
Oxygen: found in the air
Fuel: any material that will burn
Heat: sparks, matches, flames

37. Causes of Fires: Smoking and Matches(#1 cause) Misuse of electricity
Defects in heating systems
Spontaneous ignition
Improper garbage disposal
Arson

38. Fire Extinguishers Classified by type of fire they extinguish
Main types are A,B,C, and ABC

39. Type A Contains pressurized water
Used on combustibles such as paper,cloth and wood
        

40. Type B Contains Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Used on gas,oil,paints,burning liquids, and cooking fats
Provides a smothering action for fire-water would cause fire to spread
Leaves a snow like residue

41. Type C Contains a dry chemical-
Potassium bicarbonate
Potassium chloride
Used on electrical fires- non conducting agent
Can also be used on burning liquids for smothering action

42. Type ABC (Combination)
Contains graphite-type chemical
Multipurpose extinguisher-used for all types of fires
Leaves residue damaging to eyes and skin

43. Fire Safety Rules Remain calm Evacuate area Sound the alarm
If fire is small, use extinguisher to put it out
Close all doors and windows
Never use elevators

44. A Activate alarm and call 911
R-A-C-E
R Remove anyone in immediate danger to safety
A Activate alarm and call 911
C Close doors to prevent spread of smoke and fire
E Extinguish the fire

45. Fire Safety Preventing fires is everyone’s concern
Be alert to causes of fires and take measures to prevent them
Know policies in case of fire

46. Safety Safety is everyone’s responsibility
Most accidents can be prevented!!!!

47. Safety
THE END!