1. Niyada Naksuk et al. JACEP 2016;2:403-412
Cardiac CT Illustrates the Relationship Between the LCX Anteroinferior to the LAA (A) Note the persistent left-sided superior vena cava (SVC) sits between the left atrial appendage (LAA) and left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV). There are left pulmonary artery superiorly and free wall LV inferiorly (B). (C) Computed tomography (CT) demonstrates the four most common LAA morphologies: (C1) “Cactus” has a dominant central lobe with extending secondary lobes. (C2) “Windsock” has a dominant lobe larger than the distal portions of the LAA. (C3) “Cauliflower” has no dominant lobe, but has more complex characteristics than other morphologies. (C4) “Chicken-wing” presents an obvious bend in the proximal or middle part of the dominant lobe, or folding back on itself which can be a secondary lobe or twig. Abbreviations as in Figure 1. (C) Reprinted with permission from Romero et al. LAA morphology and physiology: the missing piece in the puzzle. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2015;23:928–33.
Niyada Naksuk et al. JACEP 2016;2:
American College of Cardiology Foundation