1. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Essentials of
Sociology
9th Edition
Chapter 3: Socialization
This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:
any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

2. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
What is Human Nature?
Nature vs. Nurture
Isolated Children (Isabelle)
Institutionalized Children (Skeels and Dye)
Deprived Animals (Harlow Monkeys)
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

3. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
In Sum…
...Society Makes Us Human
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

4. Cooley – Looking Glass Self (Socialization Process)
We imagine how we appear to others
We interpret their reactions
We develop a self-concept
It’s a life-long process as we are continuously involved in the development of the self
Because some social groups are often treated differently by society, how do you think being a minority group member might impact your looking glass self?
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

5. Mead and Role Taking (Socialization Process)
Children go through three stages in the development of the self
Imitation –Children imitate significant others
Play – “Dressing Up”
Games – Generalized Other – What the groups thinks about the individual; the individual takes on multiple roles
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

6. Role Taking Mead How do you think a person’s sex impacts the way they
learn to imitate, play,
or take on multiple roles?
Figure How We Learn to Take the Role of the Other: Mead’s Three Stages

7. The Development of Reasoning
Piaget
Sensorimotor Stage
Preoperational Stage
Concrete Operational Stage
Formal Operational Stage
How do you think these stages might differ for people living in different parts of the world?

8. The Development of Personality
Freud Id
Ego
Superego
Why do sociologists critique Freud for his views on social class and sex?

9. Socialization and Emotions
6 basic global emotions – Paul Ekman
The expression of emotions differs from culture to culture
Our culture controls the emotions within us
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

10. Socialization into Emotions
What emotion is this woman portraying?
Would we interpret this emotion differently if it was portrayed by a man?
Would we interpret this emotion differently if it was portrayed by an 85 year old woman?
Ty Milford/Radius Images/Corbis Royalty Free

11. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Gender Messages
Gender Messages in the Family
The Peer Group
Gender Messages in the Mass Media
Television and Movies
Video Games
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

12. Gender Messages in the Family
Parents begin socializing their children even prior to birth
How do you think parents treat boys different from girls while in utero?
E.G., nursery colors, choosing names,
buying baby clothes and toys
Brand X Images/Jupiter Royalty Free

13. Gender Messages from Peers
Based on the conversations provided in the chapter, how do adolescent boys speak to one another differently than adolescent girls speak to one another?
How do these conversations help shape children’s sense of self?

14. Gender Messages in the Mass Media
What messages does this model of femininity send to young girls?
What messages does this model of femininity send to young boys?
Image Copyright greglith, 2010
Used under license from Shutterstock.com

15. Agents of Socialization
The Family
School and Peer Groups
Religion
Day Care
The Workplace –Anticipatory Socialization – “Trying on a role before one enters it”
Sports
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

16. Resocialization and Total Institutions
Resocialization occurs when one learns a new set of norms, values, attitudes and behaviors to match their new situation in life. This can be very mild to very intense.
Total institutions (a term coined by Erving Goffman) are places where people are cut off from the rest of society and come under control of the officials who are in charge.
People go through degradation ceremonies in total institutions.
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

17. Socialization Through the Life Course
Childhood-birth to about 12
Adolescence-13 to 17 years old
Transitional Adulthood-18 to 29 years old
The Middle Years-30 to 65 years old
The Older Years-65 years and Up
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

18. Are We Prisoners of Socialization?
Sociologists Do Not Think So
Socialization is Powerful, but the Self is Dynamic
Individuals Are Actively Involved in the Construction of the Self
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.