1. W1h Transitions

2. The Target 4
I can use words, phrases, and clauses as well as varied syntax to create cohesion and clarify the relationships throughout the essay. 3
I can use words, phrases, and clauses to create cohesion and clarify the relationships between all paragraphs and within all paragraphs. 2
I can use words, phrases, and clauses to create cohesion and clarify the relationships between all paragraphs. 1
I can inconsistently use words, phrases, and clauses to create cohesion and clarify the relationships between paragraphs.

3. Guidelines Use a variety of mild and strong transitions
Be careful not to use too many strong transitions
Transitions become stronger when they are the first word in a sentence
Transitions become milder when they are moved a few words into the sentence
Avoid repeating transitions within the entire essay

4. Example
Owen paints a vivid image of run-down soldiers to show how damaging the war is on their bodies and minds. Early in the poem, he describes how the soldiers’ boots wore out or were lost, but they, “limped on, blood-shod.” Even worse, they were, “deaf even to the hoots / Of tired, outstripped Five-Nines that dropped behind.” These men were so run-down that they walked barefoot and bloody, ignoring the bombs—potential death—which dropped among them. All they could think to do, stand to do, was put one foot in front of the other, revealing how crushing war can be on the body and mind of the soldier. Not only were soldiers run down during battle, Owen also reveals long-term damage to their minds through his description of the narrator’s dreams. In the middle of the poem…

5. [Another] Example
The massive influx of German immigrants by 1800 impacted the U.S. economy and culture in a variety of ways. Over 5 million German immigrants came to the United States, and they often took low-wage jobs in industry, aiding industrial growth. Of course, not all was perfect; one anonymous account from an immigration inspector shared, “Germans expected us Americans to understand their language” (Madeup, 2018). Expectations on the part of newly-arrived immigrants were not well received, and the language barrier between immigrants and native-born citizens created conflict. Even in times of prosperity, the United States was a nation divided in culture. While German immigration continued in the mid to late 1800s, another group, the Irish, became the target of much native frustration…