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On the Function of Flowers
1. Review of reproductive biology 2. Pollination Ecology -variation in flowers -life cycle -precise placement -outcrossing -pollination syndromes
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Figure 38.2 Review of an idealized flower
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Figure 38.3a Trillium
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Figure 38.3f Sagittaria: staminate flowers (left), carpellate flowers (right)
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Figure 38.3ex Begonia, a monoecious species
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Figure 38.3d2 Aloe
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Figure 38.3b Lupines
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On the Function of Flowers
1. Review of reproductive biology 2. Pollination Ecology -variation in flowers -life cycle -precise placement -outcrossing -pollination syndromes
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Life cycle of the angiosperm (flowering plant) from the current text)
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Figure 38.1 Simplified overview of angiosperm life cycle
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Figure 38.3ax2 Lily
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Figure 38.4 The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)
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4 Microspores Tube Cell Generative Cell Dispersed Pollen Grain Pollen Coat
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Figure 38.5 Pollen grains have tough, ornate, and distinctive walls
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Figure 38.3ax1 Lily
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Cross Section of an Ovary
One ovule just after meiosis
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Figure 38.4 The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)
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Four-nuclear female gametophyte after two mitotic divisions of the megaspore)
Mature female gametophyte Egg
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Figure 38.9 Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
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Figure 38.10 The development of a dicot plant embryo
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http://gened. emc. maricopa. edu/bio/bio181/BIOBK/BioBookflowersII
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Figure 30.17 The life cycle of an angiosperm
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On the Function of Flowers
1. Review of reproductive biology 2. Pollination Ecology -life cycle -variation in flowers -precise placement -outcrossing -pollination syndromes
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On the Function of Flowers
1. Review of reproductive biology 2. Pollination Ecology -life cycle -variation in flowers -precise placement -outcrossing -pollination syndromes
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Three paths for pollen flow:
selfing: 1. Within flower 2. Between flowers 3. outcrossing (between plants)
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Red Maple Flowers staminate pistillate
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Figure 38.3e Maize, a monoecious species
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syndromes
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Foxgloves and outcrossing
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Figure 38.3bx1 Foxglove
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Three components to outcrossing in foxglove
1. Young flowers are male, old are female 2. Young flowers are nearer the top 3. Bees fly up. Male zone Then start over at the bottom Bees fly up Female zone
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On the Function of Flowers
1. Review of reproductive biology 2. Pollination Ecology -life cycle -variation in flowers -precise placement -outcrossing -pollination syndromes
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-pollination syndromes
Hummingbird -- -long tube -red color -abundant nectar - no odor - no landing
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-pollination syndromes
Bat -- -abundant pollen -white or drab color -abundant nectar - good odor - strong landing
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Banana (Musa), pollinated by bats, dispersed by monkeys
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-pollination syndromes
Sphinx Moth -- -long tube -white color -abundant nectar - exquisite odor (periodic) - landing
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Angraecum (Orchidaceae)
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-pollination syndromes
Carrion insect -- -contrasting light and dark pattern -brown-purple color -no nectar - foul odor
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On the Function of Flowers
1. Review of reproductive biology 2. Pollination Ecology -life cycle -variation in flowers -precise placement -outcrossing -pollination syndromes
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