1. Thermodynamics

2. Energy is neither created or destroyed during chemical or physical changes, but it is transformed from one form to another. Euniverse = 0

3. Mechanical Gravitational Thermal Electrostatic Electrical Chemical
TYPES of ENERGY
Kinetic Potential
Mechanical Gravitational
Thermal Electrostatic
Electrical Chemical
Radiant
Energy Conversion Examples:
1. dropping a rock
2. using a flashlight
3. driving a car

5. Endo: heat added to system Exo: heat released by system
SYSTEMS and SURROUNDINGS
System: The thing under study
Surroundings: Everything else in the universe
Energy transfer between system and surroundings:
Endo: heat added to system Exo: heat released by system

6. HEAT: What happens to thermal (heat) energy?
Three possibilities:
Warms another object
Causes a change of state
Is used in an endothermic reaction

7. Temperature Changes from Heat Exchange
Example 1: 5 g wood at 0 oC g wood at 100 oC
Example 2: 10 g wood at 0 oC g wood at 100 oC
Example 3: 5 g copper at 0 oC g copper at 100 oC
Example 4: 5 g wood at 0 oC g copper at 100 oC
Choices:
1: 0 oC 2: 33 oC 3: 50 oC oC 5: 100 oC 6: other

8. What happens to thermal (heat) energy?
When objects of different temperature meet:
Warmer object cools
Cooler object warms
Thermal energy is transferred
qwarmer = -qcooler