1. Genetics: Class Notes 2- Traits and Chromosomes

2. I. Where do my traits come from?
From your parents
More specifically, from the chromosomes your parents gave you.

3. II. Chromosomes in detail
Chromosomes are made of _______.
Each chromosome contains many genes.

4. C. Each chromosome has a partner (homologous chromosome) that contains the same type of genes. D. One chromosome is from your mother, and one is from your father.

5. III. Chromosome quantities
A.Organisms of the same species have the same number of chromosomes:
humans=46: 23 pairs
goldfish=94: 47 pairs
fruit flies=8: 4 pairs

6. IV. What are the two types of cells?
Body cells have 2 sets of chromosomes = diploid cells
Reproductive cells (sperm & egg) have one set. These are called gametes =haploid cells

7. V. How are these cells formed?
New body cells are exactly the same as the original and are formed through a process called __________.
Gametes have HALF the chromosomes as the original and are formed through a process called meiosis.

8. Summary What are the two processes that make new cells?
What type of cell does each process make?